Liberal Marxism is an approach that combines elements of Marxism and liberal thought, seeking to reconcile core liberal values such as individual rights and democracy with Marxist critiques of capitalism and class.[1]
Liberal Marxism can also be viewed as liberal socialism in a broad sense, but liberal socialism in a narrow sense often refers to social liberalism or social democracy that supports social ownership and the rights of property.[2]Karl Marx is generally known as a critic of liberalism and liberal rights. However, some socialists claim that he praised the achievements of liberalism, such as freedom of speech, and defended the substantive freedom, only criticizing the freedom in the great inequality of wealth and power.[3] Indeed, Karl Marx was himself a radical-liberal and a prominent member of the Young Hegelians during his youth, a period in which he strongly advocated for freedom of the press and democratic reforms.[4][5][6]
In the 1980s, liberal Marxists opposed 'ultra-leftist' policies and advocated for reformist socialism. They viewed Western liberal democracy as a model of institutions capable of restraining the abuse of power, such as freedom of press and the liberal right to organize.[7]
Socialism with a human face is a slogan related to programs promoted by Alexander Dubček and his colleagues in the late 1960s and sought to promote moderate democratization, economic modernization, and political liberalization based on Marxism.
Liberal Marxism emerged in Russian academic discourse after dissolution of the Soviet Union, a period of time to explore new economic and ideological frameworks; Russian economists Aleksandr Buzgalin and A. Kolganov published a paper, Do We Need Liberal Marxism? in the July 2004 issue of the Russian economic journal Voprosy Ekonomiki.[9]
↑•Thomas Cate, ed. (2012). Keynes' General Theory: Seventy-Five Years Later. Edward Elgar Publishing. p.251. ISBN978-1-78100-103-5. ... pacific transition to socialism, which led Hollander (2008) to call him the first revisionist. And, on different occasions, Keynes evoked a 'socialism of the future' which is sometimes called social-liberalism or liberal socialism. •Keith Clements, ed. (2015). The Moot Papers: Faith, Freedom and Society 1938-1944. A&C Black. p.552. ISBN978-0-567-19831-0. Hobhouse was a Liberal politician who argued for 'social liberalism' or 'liberal socialism', i.e. a qualified acceptance of government intervention in the economy. Tillich's green point of the impotence of the Idea apart from The Moot Papers ... •Fred Dallmayr, ed. (2015). Freedom and Solidarity: Toward New Beginnings. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN978-0-8131-6579-0. Hence, the remedy for social ills envisaged by Dewey is a regime that might be called "liberal socialism" or "social liberalism," but preferably "social democracy"—that is, a regime where all members enjoy freedom in solidarity. •Pierre Pestieau, Mathieu Lefebvre, ed. (2018). The Welfare State in Europe: Economic and Social Perspectives. Oxford University Press. ISBN978-0-19-254906-8. ... and welfare programs, and liberal socialism, or social democracy, that supports economic interventions to promote social justice within the framework of a capitalist economy. •James Crotty, ed. (2019). The Welfare State in Europe: Economic and Social Perspectives. Routledge. ISBN978-0-429-87705-6. Liberal Socialism was Keynes's particular version of social democracy.
↑Clark, Mark Edmond (2016). "An Analysis of the Role of the Iranian Diaspora in the Financial Support System of the Mujahedin-e-Khalq". In Gold, David (ed.). Terrornomics. Routledge. pp.66–76. doi:10.4324/9781315612140. ISBN978-1-317-04590-8.
