Psalm 29 is the 29th psalm of the Book of Psalms, beginning in English in the King James Version: "Give unto the LORD, O ye mighty, give unto the LORD glory and strength". The Book of Psalms is part of the third section of the Hebrew Bible, and a book of the ChristianOld Testament. In the slightly different numbering system used in the Greek Septuagint and Latin Vulgate translations of the Bible, this psalm is Psalm 28. In Latin, it is known as "Adferte Domino filii Dei".[1] The psalm attributes itself to David. It is a hymn, describing the advent of Yahweh in a storm.
Psalm 29 is an example of an enthronement psalm wherein the supreme deity is described in theophanic terminology as taking his place of rulership. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, scholars like Charles and Emilie Grace Briggs argued that it "seems to belong to the Persian period subsequent to Nehemiah", that is, between 445 and 333 BCE.[2][3][4]
However, more recent scholarship has undermined this conclusion; archaic language and content have been identified in the Psalm, akin to other early strata such as the Song of the Sea, befitting an early pre-exilic context.[5]:121–122 Cross opines that generations of scholars have firmly identified literary dependence on Canaanite mythology, particularly the Baal Cycle, and concludes on this basis that its present form is "no later than the 10th century BC."[5]:151-152 Similarly, Freedman cites "considerable scholarly sentiment" supporting a pre-monarchic provenance, and suggests that Psalm 29 may be dated as early the 12th century BCE, making it among the oldest portions of literature in the Hebrew Bible.[6]
Theme
[Psalm] 29 is a hymn, describing the advent of Yahweh in a storm. (1) The angels worship Yahweh in the heavenly temple (v.1-2); (2) the thunder of Yahweh's voice is a great power (a) on the waters (v.3-4); (b) upon Lebanon and its cedars (v.5-6); (c) upon the wilderness and its forests (v.8-9); (3) Yahweh, enthroned over the Flood, reigns forever and bestows blessings on his people (v.10-11).
Is the recited during Kabbalat Shabbat; in Ashkenazic, Hasidic and some Sephardic communities.[8] In other Sephardic communities, Kabbalat Shabbat begins with this Psalm.
Is recited on Shabbat during the Torah service as when returning the Torah Scroll to the ark.[9]
Heinrich Schütz wrote a setting of a metric paraphrase of Psalm 28 in German, "Ich ruf zu dir, Herr Gott, mein Hort", SWV 125, for the Becker Psalter, first published in 1628.
Text
The following table shows the Hebrew text[19][20] of the Psalm with vowels, alongside the Koine Greek text in the Septuagint[21] and the English translation from the King James Version. Note that the meaning can slightly differ between these versions, as the Septuagint and the Masoretic Text come from different textual traditions.[note 1] In the Septuagint, this psalm is numbered Psalm 28.
