Litsea cubeba f. obtusifoliaYen C.Yang & P.H.Huang
Litsea dielsii(H.Lév.) H.Lév.
Litsea mollifolia var. glabrata(Diels) Chun
Litsea mollis var. 'glabrataDiels
Litsea muchuanensisZ.Y.Zhu
Litsea piperitaMirb.
Malapoenna citrata(Blume) Kuntze
Malapoenna oliverianaKuntze
Tetranthera angustifoliaZoll. ex Meisn.
Tetranthera citrata(Blume) Nees
Tetranthera diepenhorstiiMiq.
Tetranthera floribundaChamp. ex Benth.
Tetranthera oxyphyllaWall.
Tetranthera polyanthaWall. ex Nees
synonyms of var. formosana
Aperula formosanaNakai
Litsea cubeba is a species of evergreen tree in the family Lauraceae.[2][3] It is a shrub that grows up to 5–12 meters high. It is sometimes referred to by the common names the aromatic litsea, may chang, mountain pepper (山胡椒; pinyin: shānhújiāo), mujiangzi (木姜子; pinyin: mùjiāngzǐ) or douchijiang (豆豉姜; pinyin: dòuchǐjiāng) in Mandarin and maqaw (馬告) by the Atayal of Taiwan. It produces a fruit which is processed for its lemony essential oil. The oil can also be extracted from the leaf, but this is considered to be lower in quality. The timber is sometimes used for making furniture and crafts. Plant parts are also used in medicine.
Essential oil yields from the fruit are 3–5%. The oil's main component is citral, at 70–85% of the oil.[4][5] It is mainly produced in China from plantations and is marketed as "Litsea cubeba", with production estimates between 500 and 1,500 tonnes of oil per annum. The oil is used as a fragrance (especially in bar soap) and for flavouring in its own right. It is also used as a raw material by the chemical industry for the synthesis of vitamin A and violet-like fragrances.[6]
As a spice
It is used extensively as a spice by the aboriginal peoples of Taiwan, it is seen as a distinguishing feature of aboriginal cuisine.[7]
