The class was introduced by Nigel Gresley in July 1926, based on his previous Class J38 (introduced in January 1926) but with larger driving wheels. The larger wheels enabled them to be used on both passenger and freight trains, although at the expense of a lower tractive effort. As a result they were given the BR power classification 4P/5F, rather than the 6F of the earlier class. A total of 289 examples were built over the next fifteen years, mostly built by the LNER's Darlington Works although 28 were built by Beyer, Peacock and Co. in 1935.
The larger wheels necessitated the provision of low splashers over the front two wheels, which is the main means of differentiating between the two classes. However the increased speed afforded by the larger wheels caused the big end bearings to overheat, something that was aggravated by their use on passenger trains, and reliability suffered as a result. The locomotives were all fitted with superheaters and Ross 'Pop' safety valves.[4][3]
J39/2 No. 64898 at Lincoln, Pelham St. Level-Crossing 21 May 1956
All passed into British Railways ownership in 1948 and they were numbered 64700-64988. They began to be withdrawn from service in 1959 and all examples had been scrapped by the end of 1962.[5] No. 64747 served out the remainder of its days as a stationary boiler at the Woodford shed until October 1964.[6]
Orders and numbering
355 locomotives were scheduled to be built, but 289 were built. Each of the LNER's three main areas received an allocation of new locomotives, as follows:
All were built at Darlington, except for the 28 ordered in October 1935, which were built by Beyer Peacock (works nos. 6802–29). Cancelled locomotives shown in parentheses.
As built the locomotives were mostly given numbers in two broad groups:
vacant numbers within the former North Eastern Railway (NER) series: 1233/55/9/63/5–70/2–5/7/81/2/6/7/9/90/5/6/8, 1412/8/25/9/36/48–60/3–98, 1504–6/8/9/32–48/51/8/60/3/77/80/4–7, 1803/4/8/13/24/8/35/54/6/7/62/3/9/70/5/80/94/6/8, 1903/22/6–8/30/3/40/2/3/52/65/71/4/7/80/4/96/7
runs of consecutive unused numbers between the end of the NER series and the start of the former Great Northern Railway (GNR) series: 2691–2742, 2770–88, 2941–53, 2962–3000
The final batch, built in 1941, took consecutive numbers 3081–98 within the former GNR series.
In 1943, the locomotives were allotted the continuous block of numbers 4700–4988, largely in order of construction, but these were not applied until 1946–47. British Railways increased these numbers by 60000, a process that took until 1951 to complete.[8]
Sub-classes
J39/3 No. 4973 at Immingham Locomotive Depot 21 September 1947.
The class was divided into three sub-classes depending on the type of tender fitted.
On 31 July 1927, locomotive No. 1459 was derailed at 9.33pm, 200 yards east of the Sandsend tunnel mouth on the Whitby-Loftus line whist hauling the No. 70 West Hartlepool to Whitby return excursion.[9]
Circa 1930, locomotive No. 1448 was derailed by trap points at Lumpsey Colliery, Brotton, Yorkshire.[10]
On 28 August 1950, the connecting rod of a locomotive of this class became detached and consequently pierced the firebox, scalding the driver.[11]
On 23 October 1950, locomotive No. 64880 was hauling a passenger train that was derailed at Drumburgh, Cumberland due to the condition of the track. Two people were killed and three were injured.[12]
Boddy, M.G.; Neve, E.; Tee, D.F.; Yeadon, W.B. (September 1982). Fry, E.V. (ed.). Locomotives of the L.N.E.R., part 6A: Tender Engines - Classes J38 to K5. Kenilworth: RCTS. ISBN0-901115-53-3.
Casserley, H.C. (1960). The Observers book of railway locomotives of Britain. Federick Warne & Co. Ltd.
Earnshaw, Alan (1993). Trains in Trouble: Vol. 8. Penryn: Atlantic Books. ISBN0-906899-52-4.
Hughes, Geoff (August 1992). "Talking to Thompson part II". Steam World. No.62. Peterborough: EMAP Apex Publications.
Ian Allan ABC of British Railways Locomotives (1962ed.).
Stubbs, W.T.; Boddy, M.G. (1963). Locomotive stock book 1963. Railway Correspondence and Travel Society.
Trevena, Arthur (1981). Trains in Trouble: Vol. 2. Redruth: Atlantic Books. ISBN0-906899-03-6.
