CASP6
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2WDP, 3K7E, 3NKF, 3NR2, 3OD5, 3P45, 3P4U, 3QNW, 3S70, 3S8E, 3V6L, 3V6M, 4EJF, 4FXO, 4HVA, 4IYR, 4N5D, 4N6G, 4N7J, 4N7M, 4NBK, 4NBL, 4NBN
Identifiers
Aliases	CASP6, MCH2, Caspase 6, CSP-6
External IDs	OMIM: 601532; MGI: 1312921; HomoloGene: 37455; GeneCards: CASP6; OMA:CASP6 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 4 (human)[1] Band 4q25 Start 109,688,622 bp[1] End 109,703,583 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 3 (mouse)[2] Band 3|3 G3 Start 129,695,074 bp[2] End 129,707,752 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in rectum mucosa of transverse colon oocyte secondary oocyte jejunal mucosa duodenum pancreatic ductal cell mucosa of sigmoid colon buccal mucosa cell islet of Langerhans Top expressed in gastric mucosa epithelium of stomach mucous cell of stomach pyloric antrum duodenum jejunum endocardial cushion migratory enteric neural crest cell yolk sac parotid gland More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function peptidase activity cysteine-type endopeptidase activity cysteine-type peptidase activity endopeptidase activity protein binding hydrolase activity identical protein binding cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in execution phase of apoptosis cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process Cellular component cytosol nucleoplasm cytoplasm Biological process epithelial cell differentiation proteolysis apoptotic process regulation of apoptotic process execution phase of apoptosis cellular response to staurosporine Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 839 12368 Ensembl ENSG00000138794 ENSMUSG00000027997 UniProt P55212 O08738 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001226 NM_032992 NM_009811 RefSeq (protein) NP_001217 NP_116787 NP_033941 Location (UCSC) Chr 4: 109.69 – 109.7 Mb Chr 3: 129.7 – 129.71 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Caspase-6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CASP6 gene.^[5][6] CASP6 orthologs^[7] have been identified in numerous mammals for which complete genome data are available. Unique orthologs are also present in birds, lizards, lissamphibians, and teleosts. Caspase-6 has known functions in apoptosis,^[8] early immune response^[9][10] and neurodegeneration in Huntington's and Alzheimer's disease.^[11]

Function

This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the cysteine-aspartic acid protease (caspase) family. Sequential activation of caspases plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis.^[8] Caspases exist as inactive proenzymes that undergo proteolytic processing at conserved aspartic residues to produce two subunits, large and small, that dimerize to form the active enzyme. This protein is processed by caspases 7, 8 and 10, and is thought to function as a downstream enzyme in the caspase activation cascade. Caspase 6 can also undergo self-processing without other members of the caspase family.^[12] Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants that encode different isoforms.^[13]

Caspase-6 plays a role in the early immune response via de-repression. It reduces the expression of the immunosuppressant cytokine interleukin-10^[9] and cleaves the macrophage suppressing IRAK-M.^[10]

With respect to neurodegeneration, caspase-6 cleaves HTT in Huntington's and APP in Alzheimer's disease. Resulting in both cases in protein aggregation of the fragments.^[11]

Interactions

Caspase 6 has been shown to interact with Caspase 8.^[14][15][16]

See also

• The Proteolysis Map
• Caspase

References

Further reading

External links

• The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: C14.005 Archived 2008-02-05 at the Wayback Machine
• Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P55212 (Human Caspase-6) at the PDBe-KB.