There are two unconnected principal railways in Peru.
The Ferrocarril Central Andino (FCCA; the former Ferrocarril Central del Perú) runs inland from Callao and Lima across the Andes watershed to La Oroya and Huancayo. It is the second highest railway in the world (following opening of the Qingzang railway in Tibet), with the Galera summit tunnel under Mount Meiggs at 4,783m (15,692ft) and Galera station at 4,777m (15,673ft) above sea level. In 1955 the railway opened a spur line from La Cima on the Morococha branch (4,818m (15,807ft) above sea level) to Volcán Mine, reaching an (at the time) world record altitude of 4,830m (15,850ft). Both branch and spur have since closed to traffic.[1][pageneeded] From Huancayo the route is extended by the Ferrocarril Huancayo-Huancavelica. In July 2006 FCCA began work to regauge the Huancavelica line from 914mm (3ft) to 1,435mm (4ft8+1⁄2in) standard gauge and it was finished in 2010. There was also a proposal for a 21km (13mi) tunnel under the Andes.[2]
in March 2009, gauge conversion from Huancayo to Huancavelica from 914mm (3ft) to 1,435mm (4ft8+1⁄2in) proceeds. By October 2010 it was finished and it is in service now.
Lima has a metro service or Lima Metro, also called Tren eléctrico that has now only one line (called Linea 1). The line has an extension of 34.6km (21.5mi), with 26 stations, and goes from the south east to north east Lima urban districts passing downtown (This is Villa El Salvador to San Juan de Lurigancho). The second line (called Linea 2) is now under construction and will run from the port of Callao to Ate passing downtown too (west to east).(2015).
Huancayo Metro is the second urban rail line in Peru, is located in the Andean city of Huancayo and is currently under construction (2012).
Proposed
Mining railway to Bayovar port by 2019. Also to Paita port.
total:85,900km (53,400mi) paved:
45,000km (Of which approximately 350km of divided multi-line roads)
unpaved:
40,900km (1999 est.)
The Pan-American Highway runs the country from north to south next to the coast, from Tumbes (Ecuadoran border) to Tacna (Chilean border). From Arequipa a branch goes to Puno and then to Bolivia. Other important highways in Peru are the Longitudinal de la Sierra,[4] that goes from north to south in the highlands; and the Carretera Central, that goes from Lima (in the coast) to Pucallpa (in the jungle).[5]
Long distance buses
Inter-city travel in Peru is almost exclusively done in long-distance buses. Buses in most of the cities depart from bus terminals called terminal terrestre. The main bus companies that link Lima with the major cities include Cruz del Sur and Ormeño. Other companies are Civa and Oltursa.,[6] while the full list of carriers include Transported Libertad and Turismo Mer, among others.[7]
There are river boat service from Yurimaguas and Pucallpa to Iquitos, and from there to the Brazilian border in the Amazon River. Touristic boats can be reached at Puno in Lake Titicaca.
The exterior of Jorge Chavez International airport in 2008
According to a 1999 estimate there are 234 airports in Peru. Jorge Chavez International Airport, in Lima is Peru's main national and international gateway,[8] with an estimate of 98 percent of all international flights into Peru landing at this airport. Other important airports are located in Cusco, Arequipa, Iquitos and Piura.
Airports – with paved runways: total:
44
over 3,047 m:
7
2,438 to 3,047 m:
17
1,524 to 2,437 m:
12
914 to 1,523 m:
7
under 914 m:
1 (1999 est.)
Airports – with unpaved runways: total:
190
over 3,047 m:
1
2,438 to 3,047 m:
2
1,524 to 2,437 m:
26
914 to 1,523 m:
67
under 914 m:
94 (1999 est.)
