12McDiarmid, Roy W., Jonathan A. Campbell, and T'Shaka A. Touré. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1
↑Hedges, S.B., A.B. Marion, K.M. Lipp, J. Marin, & N. Vidal. (2014) "A taxonomic framework for typhlopid snakes from the Caribbean and other regions (Reptilia, Squamata)". Caribbean Herpetology, 49: 1–61.
↑Pyron, R.A. & Van Wallach. 2014. "Systematics of the blindsnakes (Serpentes: Scolecophidia: Typhlopoidea) based on molecular and morphological evidence". Zootaxa3829(1): 001–081.