During World War II, Nazi Germany invaded and occupied all of Vinnytsia Oblast by the end of July 1941. A large section of the region, including Tulchyn, was handed over by the Nazis to Romania, who administrated it as Transnistria Governorate. After first being confined to a ghetto, Jews from Tulchyn were deported to the nearby Pechora concentration camp where they were killed.[4] The Yad Vashem database lists the names of 2,177 Jews who had lived in Tulchyn before World War II who died during the Holocaust;[5] among them, 1,145 died in the Pechora concentration camp.[6] Outside the town of Tulchyn, there was a peat bog; many Jews who worked there died, though the number is hard to estimate, while other Jews from the county, including from the Ladyzhyn Quarry, were taken by the Germans beyond the Bug River and executed by them, either immediately, or after they were put to work; more than three thousand, mostly people deported from Chernivtsi in June 1942, died, overwhelmingly after they were taken away by the Germans.[7] Yad Vashem has a list of 461 Jews who died in Tulchyn itself.[8] Out of these, 199 of the Jews who had lived in the town before the war died in there, in some cases before the arrival of the Romanian administration, according to the Yad Vashem database.[9] The Yad Vashem database lists 226 Jews who had lived before the war in Romania among the dead;[10] 92 of them were originally from Bukovina,[11] 26 were originally from Bessarabia,[12] and 61 were from Dorohoi and the neighboring area.[13] On September 1, 1943, there were at least 2,344 deported Jews who lived in the Tulchyn district/judet according to the Gendarmerie Inspectorate headcount, out of which 495 had been deported from Bessarabia, and 1,849 from Bukovina.[14][15] The Romanian official governmental figure for all the Jews in the district, Ukrainian as well as deported from Romania, was 3,371 on November 1, 1943.[16] This would suggest that more than 1,000 Jews in the district were Ukrainian Jews in the fall of 1943, but most Ukrainian Jews, as well as most deportees from Romania, in the district died during the Holocaust. The area was liberated by the Red Army in March 1944.[citation needed] For more information on the Holocaust in Transnistria, including on the fate of the Jewish deportees from Romania, including Bukovina and Bessarabia, see History of the Jews in Transnistria.
As of 2005, the city had a population of 16,136 people.[2]
Mieczysław Potocki (1799–1878), Polish magnate, owner of estates in Tulczyn, one of the richest Poles in the 19th century
Alexander Veltman (1800–1870), the Russian writer, was stationed here for some years (and met Pushkin here)
Józef Wysocki (1809–1873), Polish military commander, general of Polish Army, participant of Polish National Uprisings and the Hungarian Revolution of 1848
Marian Dziewicki (1872–1935), Polish lawyer, President of Wilno, local government activist
12Gembarzewski, Bronisław (1925). Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych od r. 1717 do r. 1831 (in Polish). Warszawa: Towarzystwo Wiedzy Wojskowej. pp.9, 30.
↑Jean Ancel, Transnistria (Bucuresti: Atlas, 1998), vol. 3 (in Romanian), p. 290-291..
↑The same information appears in English at See Jean Ancel, The History of the Holocaust in Romania (Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press and Jerusalem, Yad Vashem, 2011), p. 549.
↑See Jean Ancel, The History of the Holocaust in Romania (Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press and Jerusalem, Yad Vashem, 2011), p. 550, on the number of survivors as of November 1, 1943.
Although many of the Slavic-language equivalents to this template equate this template to the borders of the old Tulchyn Raion prior to the 2020 administrative reform, this is linked with the modern borders, as the English wikipedia has integrated all 2020 Raion reformation into the modern-day raion articles given that the raion article depicts a Raion that was expanded and not integrated into another. Given that, this template contains far more villages than many of the other languages have, as it includes the acquired territory post-2020.
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