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Talk:List of topics characterized as pseudoscience
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| In July 2008 the Arbitration committee issued a further ruling in the case reported above: Any uninvolved administrator may, on his or her own discretion, impose sanctions on any editor working in the area of conflict (defined as articles which relate to pseudoscience, broadly interpreted) if, despite being warned, that editor repeatedly or seriously fails to adhere to the purpose of Wikipedia, any expected standards of behavior, or any normal editorial process. The sanctions imposed may include blocks of up to one year in length; bans from editing any page or set of pages within the area of conflict; bans on any editing related to the topic or its closely related topics; restrictions on reverts or other specified behaviors; or any other measures which the imposing administrator believes are reasonably necessary to ensure the smooth functioning of the project. |
Q1: Why has my edit been reverted? What did I do wrong?
A1: Check the edit history for the article. Hopefully, the editor who reverted you left a useful edit summary explaining why they feel the previous version of the article to be better; occasionally, links to various policies and guidelines are included. The most common reasons for reversion are that the article should not contain editorial bias and every statement should be cited to sources reliable to the topic at hand. If you disagree with the reasoning provided or otherwise wish a fuller discussion, please check the archives of this discussion page for a similar proposal or open a new section below. Q2: One entry to this list is better described as an emerging or untested area of research, not pseudoscience.
A2: A few topics have several facets, only some of which are described by reliable sources as pseudoscience; multiple notable descriptions or points of view may be appropriately included as described in Wikipedia:Fringe theories. On the other hand, proponents of a particular topic characterized as pseudoscience almost always self-report as engaging in science. The several points of view should be weighted according to the reliability of the sources making each claim. Advocacy sources are reliable only for their own opinions - it is okay to state that Dr. X claims to have built a creature under the usual caveats for self-published sources, but the creature's exploits should be described as reported in independent sources. If the majority of scientists would be surprised by a claim, it is probably not mainstream science. Q3: Real scientists are investigating this topic, how can it be pseudoscience?
A3: Respected researchers, even Nobel Prize laureates, sometimes have or propound ideas that are described by sources reliable to make the distinction as pseudoscience, especially when they are working outside of their core expertise. Q4: Why is the description so negative? Why not just describe the views covered and let the reader decide?
A4: The Wikipedia policy Neutral point of view requires that the prominence of various views be reflected in the articles. We strive to summarize the tone and content of all available sources, weighted by their reliability. Reliable in this context means particulary that sources should be generally trusted to report honestly on and make the distinction between science and pseudoscience. Q5: Why does this article rely on such biased sources?
A5 Scientists generally ignore pseudoscience, and only occasionally bother to rebut ideas before they have received a great deal of attention. Non-promotional descriptions of pseudoscience can only be had from second- and third-party sources. The following sources are almost always reliable sources for descriptions of pseudoscience:
Q6: Isn't pseudoscience a philosophically meaningless term?
A6 The term describes a notable concept in common use. Q7: Why is a particular topic omitted?
A7 Some ideas are not notable enough to be included in an encyclopedia article; other topics have been explicitly rejected by the consensus of editors here at the talkpage. Please search the archives for relevant discussions before beginning a new one. Still, this list is far from complete, so feel free to suggest a topic or be bold and add it yourself. Q8: What relation does content here have to the four groupings (below) from the Arbitration Committee Decisions on Pseudoscience?
A8 The list includes items covered in the first two groups below, but not the third or fourth. Topics in the third group may contain information related to allegations of pseudoscience in their main article, but are not included here.
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| The contentious topics procedure applies to this article. This article relates to pseudoscience and fringe science. Editors who repeatedly or seriously fail to adhere to the purpose of Wikipedia, any expected standards of behaviour, or any normal editorial process may be blocked or restricted by an administrator. |
Arbitration ruling on the treatment of pseudoscience In December 2006, the Arbitration Committee ruled on guidelines for the presentation of topics as pseudoscience in Wikipedia:Requests for arbitration/Pseudoscience. The final decision included the following:
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| On 7 May 2026, it was proposed that this article be moved from List of topics characterized as pseudoscience to List of pseudoscience topics. The result of the discussion was moved. |
Historical Materialism
From a brief read on the Historical Materialism section, two points stand out.
First, I do not believe the categorisation of Historical Materialism as a pseudoscience is made with the same weight of evidence as the majority of the other points on this list. Whilst there are a few sources the reference in writing is primarily around the statements of Popper. Effectively, this renders the argument that Historical Materialism is a pseudoscience down to an argument from authority.
Second, Historical Materialism is too broad a term. Does this refer to mechanistic/mechanical/vulgar historical materialism (itself rejected by Marxist theory), chemistic(?)/chemical historical materialism (a development more in line with Marxist theory which is occasionally used as a comparison), dialectical historical materialism (AKA the Marxist method of analysis), or even some kind of metaphysical historical materialism (whatever that might look like)? At the amount of breadth the article currently possesses, what remains is to claim that changes and developments in society come from elsewhere than the material world, in some way. Given how much of the article rejects a dualism of a vital force, and rightly so, it seems strange to reject monoist materialism so broadly.
If it must be included at all, these things must be taken into consideration. However, I would suggest it should be removed altogether, due to the political nature of calling historical materialism pseudoscience in a broad stroke, and with such limited basis. 2A0A:EF40:E03:2E01:D1AB:2A94:3B8C:3422 (talk) 00:07, 18 August 2025 (UTC)
- Are you claiming that historical materialism is a science? EntropyReducingGuy(We can talk, but I reply with intended delay)💧♾️➡❄️📚 08:33, 18 August 2025 (UTC)
- @EntropyReducingGuy My position should be clear enough from my previous statements without going into further detail, no? 81.78.242.100 (talk) 09:07, 18 August 2025 (UTC)
- Not really. This list includes topics that (1) some people have presented as science, but (2) have been described as pseudoscience by academics or researchers. Which of these two points do you disagree with here? EntropyReducingGuy(We can talk, but I reply with intended delay)💧♾️➡❄️📚 09:19, 18 August 2025 (UTC)
- It is also not correct that Popper is the only source of this characterization. The article here also mentions Imre Lakatos and Ernest van den Haag. The article about Historical Materialism itself also mentions Walter Benjamin and Gershom Scholem. The article Criticism of Marxism also mentions Bertrand Russell and Murray Rothbard. EntropyReducingGuy(We can talk, but I reply with intended delay)💧♾️➡❄️📚 09:56, 18 August 2025 (UTC)
- @EntropyReducingGuy My position should be clear enough from my previous statements without going into further detail, no? 81.78.242.100 (talk) 09:07, 18 August 2025 (UTC)
- This article is a list of topics that have been characterized as pseudoscience by academics or researchers. User:Chimera1917, can you please stop deleting the well-sourced item Historical Materialism from this list? Whatever you may feel about this philosophy's value, it clearly fits under the article's rubric. I am a Leftie, I am not hostile to Marxist thought. Martin Rundkvist (talk) 15:38, 22 January 2026 (UTC)
- Well-sourced does not equal to correct, it’s still fundamentally incorrect and doesn’t fit.
- > Though some of the listed topics continue to be investigated scientifically, others were only subject to scientific research in the past and today are considered refuted, but resurrected in a pseudoscientific fashion.
- Except historical materialism isn’t considered refuted on a grandiose scale nor was it resurrected in a pseudoscientific fashion either, it’s plain wrong. My earlier comment to you can literally be backed by other scholars and answers online, so in my case it works. Chimera1917 (talk) 15:44, 22 January 2026 (UTC)
- I had made sure, on the other hand that criticisms from Popper and other scholars against historical materialism remain in the Marxism page, which is correct as it has been subjected to that criticism as mentioned earlier, but that does not make it pseudoscience, and if it does, then the same applies to many other theories. Chimera1917 (talk) 15:52, 22 January 2026 (UTC)
- You misunderstand the purpose of this article. It is not a list of topics that you personally consider pseudoscience at this point in time. It lists topics that have been characterized as pseudoscience by academics or researchers. Martin Rundkvist (talk) 16:21, 22 January 2026 (UTC)
- Fair point, I concede. I added a sentence for clarification regarding their understanding of historical materialism (These critiques generally stemmed from an understanding of historical materialism as a rigid and deterministic doctrine, which, in their view, encouraged dogmatic reinterpretation rather than empirical falsification and thus justified its classification as pseudoscience.), but made sure it doesn't get any worse. Chimera1917 (talk) 16:37, 22 January 2026 (UTC)
- Also, what? It has been characterized as a science by academics and researchers as well within stronger retaliation. Chimera1917 (talk) 16:55, 22 January 2026 (UTC)
- Is the Hegelian dialectic pseudoscience then because the same thing was said about it? These scholars are within a minority opinion that has been largely discredited. Chimera1917 (talk) 16:58, 22 January 2026 (UTC)
- The fact that Historical Materialism had been characterized as a science by a minority of academics and researchers is what makes it a pseudoscience. If it had been universally regarded only as a philosophical theory then it wouldn't be a pseudoscience, but rather just a controversial philosophical theory. EntropyReducingGuy(I talk, but can reply slowly)💧♾️➡❄️📚 18:43, 22 January 2026 (UTC)
- It wasn’t characterized as a science by only a minority, what? And its characterization as a pseudoscience comes from a maligned and dogmatic reading that fundamentally goes against what Marx and Engels both upheld, not even mentioning that falsifiability is no longer seen as the primary criterion for the demarcation between science and pseudoscience.
- However, given the article says that popper labeled it as pseudoscientific on the grounds of it being unfalsifiable, then it would be correct in that regard, though otherwise it’s wrong. However, I’m not making any changes, as I’m content with how it’s worded out. Chimera1917 (talk) 19:19, 22 January 2026 (UTC)
- My final take on this is that being described as a science by only a minority of scholars does not make a theory a pseudoscience, since pseudoscience is defined by methodological problems such as unfalsifiability, resistance to counter-evidence, or ad hoc explanations rather than by how many academics endorse it. Historical materialism is generally understood as a theoretical or methodological framework in social theory and historiography, not a natural science, and while critics argue that it can be unfalsifiable, others treat it as a legitimate research program. At most, it is controversial and debated, not pseudoscientific simply because of limited scholarly consensus. Goodbye. Chimera1917 (talk) 19:28, 22 January 2026 (UTC)
- @EntropyReducingGuy “only regarded as a science by a minority” damn you cannot read can you? otherwise I understand why it’s here Szechian66 (talk) 21:27, 25 January 2026 (UTC)
- Greetings,
- please address article content rather than making disparaging attacks other collaborative editors.
- Augmented Seventh (talk) 22:09, 25 January 2026 (UTC)
- @Szechian66 It appears that you disagree with my statements, but I’m not sure what your objection is. As far as I know, both of the following claims are true. Which one do you believe is incorrect?
- There are some scholars who think that Historical Materialism is a science.
- The vast majority of scholars don't think that Historical Materialism is a science.
- EntropyReducingGuy(I talk, but can reply slowly)💧♾️➡❄️📚 06:42, 26 January 2026 (UTC)
- I’m already over it not even going to lie to you but my point is clear. Szechian66 (talk) 13:12, 26 January 2026 (UTC)
- @EntropyReducingGuy “While many modern, mainstream scholars in Western academia often argue that historical materialism is not a hard science due to its lack of empirical falsifiability and predictive certainty, it is not necessarily true that a "vast majority" dismiss it entirely. Many scholars, especially in sociology and history, view it as a crucial theoretical framework, a method of analysis, or a social science tool, rather than a natural science.”
- Notice the words “natural” and “social.” There is an entire peer-reviewed academic journal named after it that’s widely credited as a highly-regarded publication. One of the world’s most prestigious and oldest publications (Brill, they just so happen to own the Historical Materialism journal!) known to use it is also there along with EBSCO Information Services whom are very well-received within academic circles. And, of course, you have a multitude of contemporary scholars with strong regard in sociology and philosophy like David Harvey, John Bellamy Foster, Gillian Heart, Judith Butler, Slavoj Zizek, and Robert Brenner, and if you recognize any of those names then surely you’d know how much of a big deal that is. I didn’t even mention 20th century sociologists and philosophers either, because that would be overkill at that point.
- Also, historical materialism is a method of analysis much like the scientific method, not a conclusion. There are historically many predictions made that didn’t come out to be accurate and thus falsified those conclusions that it had come to establish. It’s fairly common for many scientific theories to also do this only to then fix their theory later on (see: Newtonian physics), but I wouldn’t expect you to know that. I agree in Popper’s reading that it would be pseudoscience for post-Marx variations (he wasn’t against Marx and Engels’s conception), and his reading has been a subject of criticism just like Murray Rothbard’s, but I’m not against putting it in the list because they specifically stated that some of the topics here continue to be scientifically examined and are up for debate. That is all. Szechian66 (talk) 13:41, 26 January 2026 (UTC)
- @EntropyReducingGuy I forgot to tag properly, have a nice day. Szechian66 (talk) 13:48, 26 January 2026 (UTC)
- I’m already over it not even going to lie to you but my point is clear. Szechian66 (talk) 13:12, 26 January 2026 (UTC)
- You misunderstand the purpose of this article. It is not a list of topics that you personally consider pseudoscience at this point in time. It lists topics that have been characterized as pseudoscience by academics or researchers. Martin Rundkvist (talk) 16:21, 22 January 2026 (UTC)
- I had made sure, on the other hand that criticisms from Popper and other scholars against historical materialism remain in the Marxism page, which is correct as it has been subjected to that criticism as mentioned earlier, but that does not make it pseudoscience, and if it does, then the same applies to many other theories. Chimera1917 (talk) 15:52, 22 January 2026 (UTC)
- “While” is quicker to type than “whilst”. It has fewer letters. ~2026-29362-68 (talk) 05:15, 17 May 2026 (UTC)
- I won’t harbour a grudge though. ~2026-29362-68 (talk) 05:16, 17 May 2026 (UTC)
Reading through the discussion above, I'm not seeing a consensus to remove this material, which has been in the article for several years prior to the recent back-and-forth removal and restoration. The most recent removal came with the edit note
- Take it to talk page. The sources or the article must define it as pseudoscience. period.
while the discussion above shows that it has already been taken to the talk page and failed to achieve consensus to remove the material. My reading of Wikipedia policy is that the material should be restored, and further edit-warring ceased pending consensus here on the talk page. So, I'm restoring it, and let's hear the arguments for removal.
Regarding the second sentence in the edit note, one of the cites says:
- Popper also considers that contemporary Marxism also lacks scientific status. Unlike psychoanalysis, he argues, Marxism had been initially scientific, in that it was genuinely predictive. However, when these predictions were not in fact borne out, the theory was saved from falsification by the addition of ad hoc hypotheses which made it compatible with the facts. By this means, Popper asserts, a theory which was initially genuinely scientific degenerated into pseudo-scientific dogma.
That's just one instance of it being called pseudoscience, which is hardly dispositive. But it seems to refute the criticism in the edit note.
I don't have a strong opinion one way or another, but let's follow the process instead of edit warring. Thanks. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 20:26, 23 April 2026 (UTC)
List items
The items in the list must be defined as pseudoscience in sources. Otherwise it is Wikipedians' opinion disallowable in Wikipedia.--Altenmann >talk 16:59, 23 April 2026 (UTC)
- Dear Altenmann, I have reverted your edit, as you removed a list criterium which had been stable for years, while an RfC is ongoing which should either use this criterium or lead to a consensus to remove it. The same is true for @Polygnotus's addition, which is also premature: the consensus of the RfC would determine the way we interpret, for the purpose of this list, the guidelines.
Adding a note that may prejudice people participating in the RfC is improper as it may lead people to believe the note represents a previous consensus being used/challenged in the RfC.Happy editing, Slomo666 (talk) 21:48, 4 May 2026 (UTC) edited 15:15, 5 May 2026 (UTC)- @Slomo666 Please do not revert based on what you feel like the rules could/should be, but actually read them. Polygnotus (talk) 23:15, 4 May 2026 (UTC)
- I reverted your revert again, as I described in my edit summary. Your edit is part of the ongoing RfC, and while that dispute is ongoing,
we should refrain from making edits that prejudice the dispute.Since you opened the RfC, I would assume that you also want it to be handled properly. - Happy editing,
- Slomo666 (talk) 13:24, 5 May 2026 (UTC) edited 15:15, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- @Slomo666 You are now editwarring in a WP:CTOP area. Probably best you revert yourself before someone complains. Polygnotus (talk) 13:26, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
There seems to be a fundamental misunderstanding about what the list selection criteria for this article is. This misunderstanding manifests itself in the discussion above, and in the RfC below (which asks the wrong question). A number of years ago, we discussed restricting the inclusion article to change the selection criteria to only include topics that are actually pseudoscience (as per WP:PSCI) as opposed to topics that some academic or researcher claimed to be pseudoscience. That suggestion failed to reach consensus so the selection criteria remained. See Talk:List_of_topics_characterized_as_pseudoscience/Archive_12#Using_WP:PSCI_as_the_inclusion_criteria for the full discussion.
Now, consensus may change, and I'd welcome an RfC that moots that question. But, the current list selection criteria is what it is, and pretending that it is what you would like it to be, or ignoring it, is not a valid argument. And this question is not what the current RfC is about. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 14:48, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- @Mr swordfish Pretending this article does not have to follow the PaGs is why we got into this mess in the first place.
pretending that it is what you would like it to be, or ignoring it, is not a valid argument.
Exactly. Which side of the debate do you think is doing that? Polygnotus (talk) 14:55, 5 May 2026 (UTC)- I have not seen anyone say that we don't have to follow the policies and guidelines. Perhaps you could give an example.
- What I have seen is a number of editors who seem to assume that this is a "list of pseudoscience topics" as opposed to a list of "topics that have, either currently or in the past, been characterized as pseudoscience by academics or researchers".
- For instance, the RfC asks "Should the historical materialism be listed as pseudoscience?" - but that's not the inclusion criteria. Others have weighed in with "No. It's not pseudoscience" without addressing whether it has been characterized that way and would meet the inclusion criteria. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 17:40, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
number of editors who seem to assume
- maybe it is a problem not with the editors, but with the selection criterion? So maybe it is time to make a quick poll to close the RFC as irrelevant and start a new RFC on inclusion criteria? (I will !vote 'ay'.) "Characterized as pseudoscience" is a very opinionated non-defining criterion. Oldtimers may remember "List of sex symbols", see Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Draft:List of sex symbols for the ripples it left. People seriously argued at lengths that if someone was called a sex symbol by someone then this person must be listed as sex symbol. --Altenmann >talk 19:15, 5 May 2026 (UTC)- I am having trouble resisting the urge to reply, so here: the bit you removed did the opposite from what causes issues like the one you mention: It actually narrows the scope of the list by requiring the characterisation(s)
were made in the context of educating the public about questionable or potentially fraudulent or dangerous claims and practices, efforts to define the nature of science, or humorous parodies of poor scientific reasoning.
and not merely some idiot (or even an expert) calling something a pseudoscience. --Slomo666 (talk) 19:31, 5 May 2026 (UTC) - ...maybe it is a problem not with the editors, but with the selection criterion? So maybe it is time to make a quick poll to close the RFC as irrelevant and start a new RFC on inclusion criteria?
- I think this is basically correct, and would support the actions you suggest. I think you can withdraw the RfC yourself as the proposer. A question for a a new RfC might be:
- Should the selection criteria and title to be changed to only list topics that may be labeled or categorized as pseudoscience in accordance with WP:PSCI, WP:FRINGE/PS and WP:FRINGE/QS?
- Cheers. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 22:39, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- @Mr swordfish But that wouldn't work per CONLEVEL; a local consensus here can not override the much wider consensus behind the guidelines.
- So even those who dislike the fact that the guidelines exist have to follow them.
- Any answers to that hypothetical RfC would be discarded as irrelevant, because there is no choice presented. Polygnotus (talk) 22:59, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- How, exactly, would that selection criteria "override" the guidelines? I'm not following you. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 23:05, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- I think Polygnotus is responding based on something I said: that application and interpretation of the rules and guidelines is something determined through RfCs (by which I meant: rather than by a single editor. They'd placed a hidden comment which I asserted was premature and prejudiced the RfC, and reverted.) Slomo666 (talk) 23:16, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- @Mr swordfish and Slomo666: The "Characterized as" thing was always a silly workaround. The fact that 2 or 3(?) people may have agreed that that was a good idea at some point in history is irrelevant.
- If you have a RfC that asks the question:
Should the selection criteria and title to be changed to only list topics that may be labeled or categorized as pseudoscience in accordance with WP:PSCI, WP:FRINGE/PS and WP:FRINGE/QS?
- then that is a weird question in the context that the selection criteria have always been limited by what is allowed by the PAGs. Or at least as long as those PAGs have existed.
- And since the title and lead section cause a bit of confusion we should indeed change them, but we don't need an RfC for that. Anyone can just do it.
- Note that WP:CONLEVEL is part of a policy. Guidelines generally contain good advice and you should probably just follow them, except in rare circumstances, and not following policy is basically always a bad idea.
- Compare:
- If I and 2 of my neighbours agree that there is no speed limit on the stretch of highway nearest to my house because we want to have a race, then our opinions are irrelevant, because we live in a country which has made rules and those rules are more important than what my neighbours and me decide. Asking the local community if our handdrawn "no speedlimit here" signs should be changed is silly. Polygnotus (talk) 23:18, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- I don't agree. I think "characterised as" is just a different, and in some way, narrower, criterium separate from what I think many in the discussion seem to think the topic of this article is. This article is not a list of pseudosciences, but a list of things (erroneously or correctly) characterised as pseudoscience through history, with a specific context.
- If your neighbour and you happened to be highly notable (non-)government officials without legislative prerogative, and made a list of streets that you think should have, for reasons xyz, a speed limit of 130km/h instead of 100km/h (current practical maximum everywhere) then this very well may be notable within that context as "list of streets that Polygnotus and his bestie think should be 130 streets" or "...can be 130 streets".
- You would be right if this article were about what we/RS consider to be pseudosciences, but it is not. We do not allege the listed items are actually pseudoscience. If that were the case, I think we should have a move discussion instead of the present discussion + rfc below.
- Slomo666 (talk) 23:27, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- Sidenote: that may actually be a better idea anyways, since many of the entries in the list currently do not abide by the lede's mandate that their pseudoscientific aspects be laid out in the body. Slomo666 (talk) 23:31, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- @Slomo666 It is, unfortunately, not possible to disagree with facts. You can dislike them tho.
If your neighbour and you happened to be highly notable (non-)government officials
We are not; we are just some random dudes. - And our "no speed limit here" signs are made of cardboard.
then this very well may be notable
That is irrelevant, since the PaGs overrule that. The bits I quoted are not about notability. Polygnotus (talk) 23:32, 5 May 2026 (UTC)- You are random dudes, but the criteria we are discussing very clearly say/said it cannot just be random dudes making that characterisation. To call the article a list of cardboard signs is a strawman (or rather: a cardboard man). I never claimed that the criteria or article itself in any way pretend the characterisations would imply some sort of factual equivalence (speed signs). It is a fundamentally different subject. Again: perhaps better to move to the subject "list of pseudosciences" (in the continued analogy: list of speed limits) then. Slomo666 (talk) 23:44, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
To call the article a list of cardboard signs is a strawman
I didn't. I compared the "characterized as"-framing to handmade cardboard signs proclaiming that there is no speed limit on a bit of highway.- Sure, we can change the title to "List of pseudosciences" and then adjust the lead section a bit, that is an improvement. Polygnotus (talk) 23:48, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- Yes, so that is calling the article (in your analogy) a list of cardboard signs, which is different from what it actually is, but I digress, because this is becoming too semantic.
- I support the move either way because I don't care enough about this article to defend the "characterised as" status aparte, but I do not think we can leave the title and description "characterised as" and still change the inclusion criteria to include only, and *all*, (so not a narrower subset) actual pseudosciences. Slomo666 (talk) 23:54, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- No, it is comparing the "characterized as"-framing to a cardboard sign. Not the article. Nor its contents.
- Swordfish also supports the move so feel free to implement that consensus. Polygnotus (talk) 23:57, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- You are random dudes, but the criteria we are discussing very clearly say/said it cannot just be random dudes making that characterisation. To call the article a list of cardboard signs is a strawman (or rather: a cardboard man). I never claimed that the criteria or article itself in any way pretend the characterisations would imply some sort of factual equivalence (speed signs). It is a fundamentally different subject. Again: perhaps better to move to the subject "list of pseudosciences" (in the continued analogy: list of speed limits) then. Slomo666 (talk) 23:44, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- How, exactly, would that selection criteria "override" the guidelines? I'm not following you. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 23:05, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- I am having trouble resisting the urge to reply, so here: the bit you removed did the opposite from what causes issues like the one you mention: It actually narrows the scope of the list by requiring the characterisation(s)
- To me, "does this meet the inclusion criteria some guy made up" is irrelevant when those criteria are overruled by PAGs with a higher CONLEVEL. Most PAGs are widely supported, and WP:FRINGE is pretty battle-tested (26 talkpage archives). So if we wanna ignore it we need a good reason to. Whether something has been "characterized by one guy" as pseudo-science is irrelevant when we have a guideline stating that
Value-laden labels – such as calling an organization a cult, an individual a racist, sexist, terrorist, or freedom fighter, or a sexual practice a perversion – may express contentious opinion and are best avoided unless widely used by reliable sources to describe the subject, in which case use in-text attribution
. - One guy != widely used. See here for more quotes from guidelines. Polygnotus (talk) 22:12, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- The inclusion criteria have been discussed at length on the talk page here, so your characterization of it as something that "one guy made up" is at variance with the record. I haven't slogged through the 19 pages of archives, but I've seen enough to think the current selection criteria is the product of consensus. I disagree with those inclusion criteria, as do several others who have weighed in, and we can change it if there is consensus to do so. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 23:04, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- Two guys? Three people some of whom may be guys? It doesn't really matter.
- The guidelines I quoted are the product of way more consensus, see WP:CONLEVEL.
we can change it if there is consensus to do so.
Anyone can change them. You don't need to get consensus first to make improvements. Polygnotus (talk) 23:42, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- The inclusion criteria have been discussed at length on the talk page here, so your characterization of it as something that "one guy made up" is at variance with the record. I haven't slogged through the 19 pages of archives, but I've seen enough to think the current selection criteria is the product of consensus. I disagree with those inclusion criteria, as do several others who have weighed in, and we can change it if there is consensus to do so. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 23:04, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
RFC on listing historical materialism as pseudoscience
- The following discussion is an archived record of a request for comment. Please do not modify it. No further edits should be made to this discussion. A summary of the conclusions reached follows.
Should the historical materialism be listed as pseudoscience? --Altenmann >talk 01:48, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- As Bon courage points out below, this is the wrong question. The article is "List of topics characterized as pseudoscience" not "List of pseudoscience topics".
- By way of analogy, the article List of music considered the worst does not require or claim that any of the entries are actually the worst music, only that they have been described that way in reliable sources.
- Now, perhaps this article should be "List of pseudoscience topics" since many readers will interpret it that way, but currently inclusion on the list is not predicated on a topic actually being pseudoscience, only that it has been characterized that way in reliable sources. Perhaps that question should be the subject of the RfC instead since that seems to be the gist of many of the NO !votes. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 19:46, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
I am starting this RFC because in the previous section #Historical Materialism failed to carry out proper discussion, i.e., based on Wikipedia policies. --Altenmann >talk 01:48, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
Poll
- No unless it is described as such in WP:RS. What is more, since this is a WP:EXTRAORDINARY claim, the argument must come from nonpartican reputable scholarly sources. If such sources are found, the corresponding discussion must be included in the article in the fisrt case. Outherwise this inclusion creates a nasty WP:FORK. --Altenmann >talk 01:48, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- I think you mean a POVFORK. WP:FORK is about forks of Wikipedia. Polygnotus (talk) 04:19, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
- Yes. Since the main article says it has been so characterised, and cites good sources to verify that, this article has to be in sync with that. Seems kind of obvious? Bon courage (talk) 02:52, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- The "main article" does not say so. If you have Karl Popper in mind, he criticized historicism (in his The Poverty of Historicism), which is a different thing. Regardless, reference to Wikipedia is an invalid argument. You have to supply reliable sources' that say "HM is pseudoscience" or something similar.--Altenmann >talk 03:48, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- See also WP:BLUD. Bon courage (talk) 04:06, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- See also WP:CONSENSUS. --Altenmann >talk 04:53, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- See also WP:BLUD. Bon courage (talk) 04:06, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- The "main article" does not say so. If you have Karl Popper in mind, he criticized historicism (in his The Poverty of Historicism), which is a different thing. Regardless, reference to Wikipedia is an invalid argument. You have to supply reliable sources' that say "HM is pseudoscience" or something similar.--Altenmann >talk 03:48, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- Historical materialism is not a pseudoscience because it doesn't claim to be a science. And before anyone asks, Dialectical materialism is also not a pseudoscience for the same reason. Polygnotus (talk) 07:06, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- Oh god and then I read a bit of the actual book and of course the Wikipedia article is wrong.
- Criticism of Marxism says:
Popper has argued that both the concept of Marx's [[historical method]] as well as its application are [[Falsifiability|unfalsifiable]] and thus it is a pseudoscience<ref>{{cite web|title=Science as Falsification|url=http://www.stephenjaygould.org/ctrl/popper_falsification.html|website=stephenjaygould.org|access-date=22 November 2015|archive-date=2 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180502201044/http://www.stephenjaygould.org/ctrl/popper_falsification.html}}</ref> that cannot be proven true or false:
- So according to Wikipedia, Popper called it a pseudoscience. But if you look at and p.37 that is not what Popper says. Popper says
Yet instead of accepting the refutations the followers of Marx re-interpreted both the theory and the evidence in order to make them agree. In this way they rescued the theory from refutation; but they did so at the price of adopting a device which made it irrefutable. They thus gave a 'conventionalist twist' to the theory; and by this stratagem they destroyed its much advertised claim to scientific status.
- In reality Popper did not say "it is pseudoscience", Popper said (to summarize) that followers of Marx destroyed its much advertised claim to scientific status.
- The word pseudoscience is not even in the quote.
- "Its claim to scientific status was destroyed by followers" and "it is pseudoscience" are not the same claim. Polygnotus (talk) 07:37, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- Reminder, this article is not a list of pseudosciences, but of "topics that have, either currently or in the past, been characterized as pseudoscience by academics or researchers". (Thus strictly speaking the question asked in the RfC, and its result, will have no effect on the inclusion of this topic in the list). Bon courage (talk) 07:40, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- @Bon courage Then its probably best to close the RfC as a waste of time.
- If all topics that have ever been characterized as pseudoscience by academics or researchers then we can just redirect the article to everything. As a researcher I characterize all concepts as pseudo-scientific. Polygnotus (talk) 07:42, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- The rider is that "Detailed discussion of these topics may be found on their main pages"; in practice WP:RS and WP:NPOV constrain the list. I don't think duvets have been categorized as pseudoscience e.g. (taking for example what I'm looking at right now). Bon courage (talk) 07:49, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- And this is the major problem with the scope of the list: "characterized" maywell mean a disparaging polemic blurb. What actually is needed, is the list of topics argued to be pseudoscience, i.e., someome actually presented arguments to support this claim. And the arhuments must be two-pronged: (1) the topic is described as scientific by its proponents and (2) its opponents argue that it lacks scientific method. As it was already argued, prong (2) alone is insufficient. --Altenmann >talk 07:53, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- Let's add the heliocentric model and continental drift. Pretty sure there were academics/researchers who argued they are pseudo-scientific at some point.
- But this RfC is moot since I have removed the false claim that Popper said that it was pseudo-scientific. So unless anyone can name another academic/researcher who described Historical materialism as pseudo-scientific we are done here. Polygnotus (talk) 07:57, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- I added one such. Bon courage (talk) 09:02, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- Thank you for that, Machan used the term. But I would argue it wasn't really a rigorous academic argument, but just a label he mentioned in passing.
- Is that and should that be enough? I dunno. But I think the more interesting discussion for this RfC is what should be done with this article (what is in scope, what is not, why). Ideally we can deal with both. Polygnotus (talk) 11:03, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- I removed it for now, but feel free to add it back if consensus for inclusion emerges at some point. Polygnotus (talk) 11:13, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- I added one such. Bon courage (talk) 09:02, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- Reminder, this article is not a list of pseudosciences, but of "topics that have, either currently or in the past, been characterized as pseudoscience by academics or researchers". (Thus strictly speaking the question asked in the RfC, and its result, will have no effect on the inclusion of this topic in the list). Bon courage (talk) 07:40, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
So ehm... Note that Darwinism has never been called pseudoscience by Karl Popper; looks like pure and unabashed POV-pushing trying to add or defend that item.
and look at it in all its glory: . Not sure what to extrapolate from these two datapoints but it is interesting. The article about him notes: he famously stated "Darwinism is not a testable scientific theory, but a metaphysical research program—a possible framework for testable scientific theories."
Polygnotus (talk) 18:28, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
And the article used to say Others who shared a similar view were ... and sociologist Ernest van den Haag.
which is interesting because the source contains the word "materialism" only once, and he doesn't describe it as pseudoscience. He was also famously a terrible person. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_van_den_Haag#Life_and_career
The source given for Russel does not support the claim at all. Polygnotus (talk) 02:18, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
- (Summoned by bot) No. As stated above, for something to be "pseudo" scientific, then it would be expected that supporters of such would purport it to be scientific. Otherwise, just claiming something to be pseudoscience could reasonably apply to anything, and as such the scope of this article would become unbounded very quickly. Unless there are WP:RS from people who claim it is scientific, it's probably not enough just to call something pseudoscience without the existing claim to be scientific in the first place. That doesn't make it correct or anything, but for the sake of not potentially inflating the article by drastically expanding the scope, it's best to restrict it in that way. SmittenGalaxy | talk! 14:41, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- No. The main source for this appears to be Rothbard and Reason, which is largely opinion and isn't
academics or researchers
(and which, as a journal of an ideologically created specifically to oppose Marxism, is as WP:BIASED as it is possible to be on the topic; it is absurd to treat its opinion as usable for unattributed statements of fact here.) The other sources don't call it pseudoscience. It certainly has its critics, and I wouldn't say it's particularly treated as a useful model, but this isn'tlist of topics that have been criticized by anyone for any reason in any terms
. --Aquillion (talk) 14:51, 24 April 2026 (UTC) - No. Historical materialism is a theory of historiography and is therefore not a science nor does it claim to be a science. You may be thinking of scientific socialism, which is making a claim to be scientific (though in context it really is supposed to mean something more like "empirical") which is dubious compared with the modern scientific method. But even there I'd like to see some good sources for that description. Loki (talk) 17:27, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- This book at least uses the term pseudohistory in a chapter on Marx and Engels. This book says that Karl Popper evaluated it (and two other ideas) as "reinforced dogmatism", which this book equates with "effectively being seductive and insipid pseudo-sciences". So... maybe yes? One reason for this surprising (to some) situation may be that "science" in some cases means something closer to mere "knowledge" or Wissenschaft than "chemistry, or another field of study like it". WhatamIdoing (talk) 21:56, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- Hardest "NO" I could possibly give. This question should not even be entertained. Historical materialism is a core social science widely used in academia (and no, not just left-leaning academia either). Also, the reasoning the OP is giving is... certainly something. No, finding a single source in a different Wikipedia article (and misinterpreting it) absolutely does not give you a free pass to start putting whatever you believe it said in WikiVoice on different articles. 296cherry (talk) 01:42, 28 April 2026 (UTC)
- Huge [citation needed] on the claim that historical materialism is a "core social science widely used in academia". ⹃Maltazarian ᚾparley
investigateᛅ 07:32, 6 May 2026 (UTC)
- Huge [citation needed] on the claim that historical materialism is a "core social science widely used in academia". ⹃Maltazarian ᚾparley
- Irrelevant discussion. We do not determine whether something is or is not a pseudoscience here. The WP:LSC for this list is topics that have "either currently or in the past, been characterized as pseudoscience by academics or researchers" with a hidden note "notability should be established at the main article first, using RS". So the question is - does Historical materialism meet that LSC? Fountains of Bryn Mawr (talk) 01:40, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
- Yes, that's what I and Bon Courage have been saying. Much of the discussion above is not relevant the list selection criteria. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 02:10, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
- There something about pseudoscience as a kind of trigger word. On hearing it, many a wiki editor forgets all the WP:PAGS they are convesant with, their body stiffens, their eyes stare and they flatly intone "it's only pseudoSCIENCE when there's SCIENCE and people in white coats" (or somesuch). No matter that out there in the wider World, for better or worse, the term has had a wider outing. Its origins are before my time on Wikipedia, but AIUI one of the reasons why this article has such an odd scope was to circumvent discussions about whether something "is" or "is not" (in the opinion of editors) a pseudoscience. All this article does is record subjects "that have, either currently or in the past, been characterized as pseudoscience by academics or researchers". And okay, that's kind of a stupid topic. But it is what it is. Maybe a 6th AfD is warranted? Bon courage (talk) 03:22, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
There something about pseudoscience as a kind of trigger word. On hearing it, many a wiki editor forgets all the WP:PAGS they are convesant with, their body stiffens, their eyes stare and they flatly intone "it's only pseudoSCIENCE when there's SCIENCE and people in white coats" (or somesuch).
- There is a guideline, Wikipedia:Fringe theories, which says:
Y Pseudoscience (Non-scientific statement claiming to be scientific): String theory proves that running water emits electricity when the quarks are aligned with the stars.
N Not pseudoscience (no claim that it's scientific): Santa Claus has magic reindeer that can fly.
- It also says:
Articles about hypotheses that have a substantial following but which critics describe as pseudoscience, may note those critics' views; however, such hypotheses should not be described as unambiguously pseudoscientific if a reasonable amount of academic debate still exists.
- And MOS:LABEL, which is part of the Words to watch guideline, says
Value-laden labels – such as calling an organization a cult, an individual a racist, sexist, terrorist, or freedom fighter, or a sexual practice a perversion – may express contentious opinion and are best avoided unless widely used by reliable sources to describe the subject, in which case use in-text attribution.
- We currently have no evidence of academic debate if historical materialism is pseudoscience; just one guy asserting it is. And the term pseudoscience is not "widely used by reliable sources" to describe historical materialism. So it looks like the PAGs are on the side of "only describe something as pseudoscientific if the academic debate has been settled" and "best avoided unless widely used by reliable sources" and not "if one academic/researcher claims something is pseudoscience then list it on List of topics characterized as pseudoscience"...
- The title and first sentence of the article and the hidden comment are just some editor's opinion of what it should be. You can edit 'em if you want. They do not override the PaGs. A topic is not automatically suitable for inclusion on this list just because one source has called it pseudoscience.
that's kind of a stupid topic.
Agreed.But it is what it is.
We can change it to whatever we want.Maybe a 6th AfD is warranted?
6th? Do you mean 4th? Polygnotus (talk) 04:02, 25 April 2026 (UTC)- I would not support an AfD effort. I would, however, support changing the name and list selection criteria to make this a list of pseudoscience, instead of a list of things that have been called pseudoscience by someone in some reliable source regardless of whether there's any consensus among those sources for calling it that.
- There's clear criteria at WP:FRINGE/PS and WP:FRINGE/QS for when to identify a topic as pseudoscience, and the current list selection criteria allows for topics to included that run afoul of WP:FRINGE/QS. So, my take is to follow that. i.e. adopt the following as the list selection criteria
- The topic must meet the criteria at WP:FRINGE/PS and WP:FRINGE/QS for being identified as psuedoscience and
- It must be described as such in a topic article, with cites to reliable sources that establish it meets the criteria at WP:FRINGE/PS and WP:FRINGE/QS
- If we do that, the current debate would seem to be moot.
- Regardless of whether we adopt this change, we'll be left with the issue that this list duplicates Category:Pseudoscience, which is a very long list, probably too long for an article. My guess is that this article was intended to highlight the most widespread or common pseudoscience topics, and perhaps was started before Wikipedia had that many articles; I don't have a good solution at the moment for language we could add to the list selection criteria to implement this notion in a workable manner. I'm open to suggestions. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 13:47, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
- There's also Template:Pseudoscience which links to this article, although there doesn't appear to be any mechanism or manual attempt to keep the two in sync. Probably worth considering all three ways that Wikipedia enumerates pseudoscience topics when discussing changes like the above. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 02:53, 26 April 2026 (UTC)
- Good idea. The "characterized as" workaround was never gonna work long term. It may fool some but the PaGs usually contain good advice and, while there are exceptions, its a bad idea to just make this article exempt from the rules.
- In reality the article always had to conform to the PaGs, the title just obscured that fact. After 22 insertions and deletions of the string "historical materialism" (and god knows how many other editwars) it is time to put an end to that. Polygnotus (talk) 02:57, 26 April 2026 (UTC)
- There something about pseudoscience as a kind of trigger word. On hearing it, many a wiki editor forgets all the WP:PAGS they are convesant with, their body stiffens, their eyes stare and they flatly intone "it's only pseudoSCIENCE when there's SCIENCE and people in white coats" (or somesuch). No matter that out there in the wider World, for better or worse, the term has had a wider outing. Its origins are before my time on Wikipedia, but AIUI one of the reasons why this article has such an odd scope was to circumvent discussions about whether something "is" or "is not" (in the opinion of editors) a pseudoscience. All this article does is record subjects "that have, either currently or in the past, been characterized as pseudoscience by academics or researchers". And okay, that's kind of a stupid topic. But it is what it is. Maybe a 6th AfD is warranted? Bon courage (talk) 03:22, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
- Yes, that's what I and Bon Courage have been saying. Much of the discussion above is not relevant the list selection criteria. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 02:10, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
- Yes. My take is to drop the "characterizes as" and just list things that are pseudoscience as per the Policies and Guidelines (PaGs). If a topic is not clearly psuedoscience under WP:FRINGE/PS and WP:FRINGE/QS (such as the one under discussion) it wouldn't make the cut.
- As it stands, the list selection criteria is not explicitly stated; what's in the lead is subject to interpretation, and the hidden note doesn't provide much guidance beyond "obey the PaGs" which would go without saying. I think we should craft an explicit inclusion criteria and feature that prominently on the talk page and with a popup when editing the article. (see List of Common Misconceptions for an example).
- Ideally, we would adopt some criteria to limit the size of the page since if we included everything at Category:pseudoscience the list would be too long. Perhaps something like:
- Where possible, topics should be combined to form a single entry, e.g. a single entry for Astrology instead of an entry for each variation of astrology.
- and
- The beliefs must be current, as opposed to ancient, or discredited/discarded scientific hypotheses.
- I'm still trying to get my head around how this article interacts with the category and the psuedoscience template. But we should probably keep all three in mind. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 14:16, 27 April 2026 (UTC)
- (Summoned by bot) No per nom and Mr. Swordfish, Polygnotus, and the article's own introduction. No offence, but I find it rather ridiculous we are even entertaining this.
These characterizations were made in the context of educating the public about questionable or potentially fraudulent or dangerous claims and practices, efforts to define the nature of science, or humorous parodies of poor scientific reasoning.
- Which is not the case: historical materialism is merely a (fringe) theory, but not a pseudoscience as it does not describe itself as science. No "characterisation" was made "in the context of educating the public...". The main article referenced by the one proponent of listing in this discussion as having reliable sourcing to support the characterisation only mentions a single statement by a single person and another on the article here (now removed as inaccurate), neither of which was "made in the context..." required for inclusion here. This RfC is a major waste of time.
I would like to move to either: 1 close for do not include, 2 Close as Bad RfC, or 3 request closure ASAP if no other proponents of inclusion show up soon. Happy editing, --Slomo666 (talk) 22:17, 28 April 2026 (UTC)
- Yes per Bon courage. Whether it is or isn't it has been characterized as such. Now, while I think that is a ridiculous topic for a list, it is the topic of the list. PARAKANYAA (talk) 22:24, 1 May 2026 (UTC)
- Eh. Certainly not just on the basis of a Reason article, but possibly Popper's critique merits inclusion. If it's included, it's worth being clear what about the subject has been characterized as pseudoscience. i.e. it's not materialist historiography/capital as a frame for history, but the predictions/laws that came along with it. — Rhododendrites talk \\ 23:53, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- Popper did not describe it as a pseudoscience. Polygnotus (talk) 23:55, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- That description is mandated by the description anyways:
Each section here summarizes the alleged pseudoscientific aspects of that topic.
. - That said: see what Polygnotus said: Popper did not. Slomo666 (talk) 23:58, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
- ? His whole point of bringing it into Conjectures and Refutations is to show its transformation into something unfalsifiable/pseudoscientific. The debate here isn't whether to call its original formulation pseudoscience, if that's the distinction you're both making re: Popper; the debate is whether to include the subject. And to that end I don't actually care that much, but there's a decent case for doing so. My bigger point was that if it is included, we should explicit about what's not called pseudoscience (e.g. the use of capital as a lens for history). — Rhododendrites talk \\ 00:26, 6 May 2026 (UTC)
- We can't, per the PAGs and the fact that Popper didn't call it pseudoscience. Polygnotus (talk) 06:58, 6 May 2026 (UTC)
- ? His whole point of bringing it into Conjectures and Refutations is to show its transformation into something unfalsifiable/pseudoscientific. The debate here isn't whether to call its original formulation pseudoscience, if that's the distinction you're both making re: Popper; the debate is whether to include the subject. And to that end I don't actually care that much, but there's a decent case for doing so. My bigger point was that if it is included, we should explicit about what's not called pseudoscience (e.g. the use of capital as a lens for history). — Rhododendrites talk \\ 00:26, 6 May 2026 (UTC)
- Refocus our efforts towards the core problem with this article. I know some other people have talked about this already but I'm going to add my two cents here. The list shies away from stating that the entries are pseudoscience instead of just being called pseudoscience, and I don't see that as beneficial at all. Sure, it makes it easier to add stuff to the list without massive RfC arguments in a contentious topic area is a pseudo but what matters is not what is beneficial to us editors but rather what is beneficial to readers. The list doesn't clarify for each individual entry if it's nearly universally agreed to be pseudoscience or not, and the result of this is that we open the door to reader speculation. They might think "Okay this is an entry on the list, but that doesn't mean it is pseudoscience, it just means some naysayers claim it is!" and that would perhaps be fine for an entry like historical materialism, if it were to be added, but it's a terrible thing to let readers have as the takeaway for something like climate change denial. On the other hand they might think "Okay, the list saying it's topics "characterized" as pseudoscience is clearly just being diplomatic/appeasing towards pseudoscience believers, the entries on this list are clearly going to all be obvious pseudoscience!" and the reverse goes here: fine for climate change denial, not so much for something like historical materialism. We can make the question we're answering here moot if we just address the core problem at hand. Change the article to be List of topics considered pseudoscience, or perhaps just straight up List of pseudoscience topics, and change the inclusion criteria to be the same level of WP:RS support as would be required for us to call something a pseudoscience in wikivoice on its article. ⹃Maltazarian ᚾparley
investigateᛅ 08:18, 6 May 2026 (UTC)
- Thank you for that cogent, succinct analysis. You've identified the "core problem" and once that becomes clear, the solution would seem to be obvious.
- BTW, I couldn't help but notice that List of pseudoscience topics redirects to this article, which would seem to add to the confusion. Meanwhile, you have to read carefully to distinguish between List of topics considered pseudoscience and the current List of topics characterized as pseudoscience. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 13:50, 6 May 2026 (UTC)
you have to read carefully to distinguish
- ditto! That's exactly why I started this RFC. While many consider it malformed, I am glad that it had led to a sensibe discussion, despite inilial uncivilized attempts by some to stonewall it. One more stone into the pile: the word "considered" is WP:WEASEL word beging the tag {{by whom}}. --Altenmann >talk- Yeah you're right. I was just trying to come up with some word that was more authoritative. The best option is likely to just say List of pseudoscience topics and say in the lead it's not an exhaustive list but rather a list of topics that are widely agreed by scholarship/science to be pseudoscientific. ⹃Maltazarian ᚾparley
investigateᛅ 15:11, 6 May 2026 (UTC)
- Yeah you're right. I was just trying to come up with some word that was more authoritative. The best option is likely to just say List of pseudoscience topics and say in the lead it's not an exhaustive list but rather a list of topics that are widely agreed by scholarship/science to be pseudoscientific. ⹃Maltazarian ᚾparley
Discussion
- Section #Historical Materialism is an extremely poor kind of discussion, lacking references both to policies, and to sources, i.e., an exchange of noncorrobrated opinions of Wikipedians. In the section #List items I tried to start a generic discussion about adherence of this page to our most basic policy of verifiability, but my appeal was dismissed. --Altenmann >talk 01:48, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- By the way, google's AIntelligencies tell me what I suspected for a long time: philosophy is not science. Just the same, I do not see that HM is described as "science". We do not call religion "pseudoscience" do we? --Altenmann >talk 03:54, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- For debates if Scientology is, or should be described as, pseudoscientific (or even a religion) please see Talk:Scientology. Polygnotus (talk) 07:59, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
Back to basics:
- For this list, we don't give a flying fuck whether an entry is or is not "pseudoscience", only whether it has been "described as" pseudoscientific.
- Normally list entries (and this applies to all list articles) should have their own articles, or be part of an article, obviously with good sourcing. If not, the entry needs multiple RS.
- Wikipedia is based on what's written in RS, so that includes mentions ("described as"), not scientific absolutism. Many cases are edge cases and we are not here to decide whether every topic is absolutely "pseudoscience". We are here to document mentions made in RS without adding an absolute judgment.
- Any comment, RfC, or AfD that ignores these inclusion criteria should be ignored, removed, or the thread closed as it's asking the wrong question.
As one of the creators of this list article, I urge everyone to keep it on-topic, IOW don't give a flying fuck about whether an entry really is "pseudoscience". We leave that to each main article. -- Valjean (talk) (PING me) 21:49, 27 April 2026 (UTC)
- 5. We generally follow the PaGs, unless we have a good reason not to, which in this case we do not. Polygnotus (talk) 23:03, 27 April 2026 (UTC)
- A) There are times when we say in Wikipedia's voice that something is pseudoscience. Examples include Creation science, Acupuncture, and Lysenkoism.
- B) There are other times when we attribute that description to someone else. Examples include Feng_shui, Psychoanalysis, and Eugenics.
- There are clear policies at WP:FRINGE/PS and WP:FRINGE/QS regarding when we can do A; for B we only have to follow the general P&Gs, so it's a much looser standard.
- The problem as I see it is that our readers may think that inclusion on this list implies A and not just B. Yes, if you read the title and the introduction,
thatonly B and not necessarily A should be the takeaway, but it appears even many of the Wikipedia editors who commented on the RFC don't seem to understand this - perhaps it's due to the poor wording of the RFC, but I think it goes deeper than that. - Agree that many of the items in this list are "edge cases". And when we list them here, we run the risk of implying that they are not edge cases. Hence the suggestion above to remedy that by only including entries where the topic article employs A.
- Additionally, there are a fair number of entries in category C:
- C) There are entries where the body of the topic article does not include the word "pseudoscience" at all - perhaps it's stated using some circumlocution, but a quick text search comes up empty. Examples include: Christian Science, Exorcism, and Scriptural codes.
- Regardless of whether we change the list selection criteria, there appears to be more cleanup to do. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 00:27, 28 April 2026 (UTC)
- Question: What are the inclusion criteria for this list? It's called list of topics characterized as pseudoscience but obviously not everything that someone has called a pseudoscience goes on here. How strict are we meant to be? Is it enough if one published paper calls it a pseudoscience? Maybe even just a newspaper article? Or do we need a somewhat significant scholarly camp to view something as pseudoscience? The answer to the RfC depends on which one of these editors want the article to use. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Maltazarian (talk • contribs)
- This article lacks an explicit set of selection criteria, so we have to go on the first sentence of the lead which says:
- This is a list of topics that have, either currently or in the past, been characterized as pseudoscience by academics or researchers.
- My reading is that a single instance of "academics or researchers" characterizing it that way would suffice, although Wikipedia's policies discourage using primary sources so a "published paper" might not. A newspaper article quoting "academics or researchers" would be a better (i.e. secondary) source. I don't see anything about a "significant scholarly camp" being required, or that the topic meets the criteria at WP:FRINGE/PS for us to call it "pseudoscience" ourselves.
- My take is that we need a better, more explicit set of inclusion criteria, which I have proposed. But so far there hasn't been support for that change.
- There's more re selection criteria in a hidden comment at the top of the article that says:
- Please note that due to the controversial nature of the label "Pseudoscience", we must demand a reliable source from an appropriate source in order to include it. If something seems to be obviously pseudoscience, then either such a source likely exists somewhere or it isn't notable enough to warrant inclusion.
- The inclusion criteria must necessarily be strict enough that notability should be established at the main article first, using RS.
- UNSOURCED entries WILL BE REMOVED in order to keep this list clear of original research and possible NPOV violations.
- For more clarification, see the top of the talk page.
- The material at the top of the talk page is a FAQ, but it doesn't really satisfy the need for an explicit list selection criteria. Likewise, the hidden note mostly just reiterates general Wikipedia policies and guidelines, along with a single sentence saying something about what the inclusion criteria must be instead of saying what it is. We can, and should, do better.
- Regardless, the question posed in the RFC is orthogonal to the selection criteria in its current state. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 14:39, 1 May 2026 (UTC)
This article lacks an explicit set of selection criteria, so we have to go on the first sentence of the lead
This is incorrect, as was already explained; we have to follow the guidelines unless we have a good reason not to.- The title and hidden comment cannot overrule the guidelines, which have a widespread consensus behind them. Polygnotus (talk) 15:05, 1 May 2026 (UTC)
- So, where, exactly, is this "explicit set of selection criteria"?
- I've been looking for something similar to what's at the list of common misconceptions, which states:
- The common misconception's main topic has an article of its own.
- The item is reliably sourced, both with respect to the factual contents of the item and the fact that it is a common misconception.
- The common misconception is mentioned in its topic article with sources.
- The common misconception is current, as opposed to ancient or obsolete.
- and I'm not finding anything like that. Am I looking in the wrong places?
- Agree that we need to follow the policies and guidelines (PaGs) for this and any other article; we can't overrule the guidelines, but simply restating the more relevant ones doesn't provide any additional information re which topics to include. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 15:36, 1 May 2026 (UTC)
- @Mr swordfish It was the causal link and the second bit of the quoted sentence that is incorrect. Polygnotus (talk) 15:40, 1 May 2026 (UTC)
- From WP:LSC:
- Selection criteria (also known as inclusion criteria or membership criteria) express the characteristics required for entries to be included in an article. The criteria may be presented in the article lead, the article body, or on the talk page; consensus at the article level decides which. Mentioning them may be omitted in cases where the article title provides all the necessary information; however, even when seemingly obvious, explicit criteria are often helpful both to readers and editors.
- This article presents the selection criteria in the lead. That satisfies the guidelines, but I would agree that a more explicit set of selection criteria would be "helpful".
- Of course, we'd have to reach consensus to adopt a more explicit list, and at this point it seems like the majority of editors don't even understand what the current criteria are. So, I'm skeptical. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 21:31, 1 May 2026 (UTC)
- Generally speaking there is no need to add "oh and you have to follow WP:V and WP:NPOV" to the criteria because people see that as a given. But on this particular article, because some people don't seem to grok that the PaGs still apply, it is wise to explicitly mention 'em. Polygnotus (talk) 16:21, 4 May 2026 (UTC)
- From WP:LSC:
- @Mr swordfish It was the causal link and the second bit of the quoted sentence that is incorrect. Polygnotus (talk) 15:40, 1 May 2026 (UTC)
- Alright my bad for not responding guys but it appears I forgot to sign the comment and subscribe to the thread so I just didn't get any notifs. If the list aims to include topics that have been characterized as pseudoscience by WP:RS then it does appear objections to historical materialism being added to the list based on it not being a pseudoscience aren't relevant; those objections should be refocused to target the inclusion criteria for the list being way too relaxed to serve as a useful list of pseudoscience topics, because it allows for what would otherwise be considered WP:FRINGE claims. I will have to evaluate if there are reliable sources calling it a pseudoscience. Either way, the situation with these inclusion criteria end up being a bit funny. In some sense what we have here is a list about WP:FRINGE that very clearly leaves the door open for potentially WP:FRINGE claims about what qualifies as a WP:FRINGE theory. ⹃Maltazarian ᚾparley
investigateᛅ 07:26, 6 May 2026 (UTC)
- Regardless, the question posed in the RFC is orthogonal to the selection criteria in its current state. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 14:39, 1 May 2026 (UTC)
Cleanup
@Bon courage and Altenmann:
So the hidden comment at the top of the article says UNSOURCED entries WILL BE REMOVED in order to keep this list clear of original research and possible NPOV violations.
I don't see a citation for Welteislehre or Germ theory denialism or 5G nonsense or Sun Language Theory. Timewave zero does have 2 refs, but neither is reliable.
Exorcism even supplies a quote: a 50% increase in the number of exorcisms performed between the early 1960s and the mid-1970s
which has been repeated several times online but doesn't have a source, and is obvious nonsense (no one is keeping accurate statistics on the exorcisms performed worldwide in various cultures and religious traditions).
So maybe this article isn't great and someone should work on it a bit? What do y'all think? AfD? Rewrite tag? Polygnotus (talk) 08:19, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- It's been to AfD a couple of times, with "Speedy Keep" the result. Seems like a waste of time.
- Another waste of time is the AfD above, which asks the wrong question. I'd suggest withdrawing it and posting a new one that addresses whether it meets the inclusion criteria, rather than soliciting opinions. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 13:17, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- the
AfDRfC above. - Two of the AfDs, on sequential days, were by someone who made 9 edits before getting indeffed. Polygnotus (talk) 18:18, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- the
- To reply to the substance of the post, there are some entries without cites. The easy way to address that is to go to the topic article and see if any of the cites are sufficient to support whatever is stated here. If so, copy them over. If not, remove the entry. I don't think it's necessary to look farther for a summary list article like this one - if it's not sufficiently cited in the topic article it probably doesn't belong here.
- As per WP:BURDENWAIT, "If you think the material is verifiable, you are encouraged to provide an inline citation yourself before removing or tagging it." I'll take a look at the items you pointed out and see what I can do. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 00:26, 26 April 2026 (UTC)
- The first one is Welteislehre.
- Robert Bowen explicitly calls it pseudoscience.
Hörbiger’s World Ice Theory is one of many pseudo-sciences which have attained varying degrees of prominence, especially during the twentieth century.
- As seen in Nature, Science.org and OUP. Christina Wessely does too in various places. I have added a ref. Polygnotus (talk) 03:07, 26 April 2026 (UTC)
Oh, and Koranic scientific foreknowledge doesn't even have an article written about it. Polygnotus (talk) 08:25, 24 April 2026 (UTC)
- The material here about Koranic scientific foreknowledge is basically cribbed from the final paragraph at Islamic_attitudes_towards_science#Science_and_the_Quran. I don't see a list selection criterion that says each entry must have it's own page, so this entry seems to satisfy the LSC. I've updated the wikilink to point to the relevant section.
- OTOH, the pseudoscience designation is attributed to only one author, so it might fail the inclusion criteria if we change it as I suggested above. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 00:39, 26 April 2026 (UTC)
- The inclusion criteria were always governed by the PaGs, but we should make that more explicit.
- I think the more common name is Bucailleism, named after this dude. Polygnotus (talk) 04:30, 26 April 2026 (UTC)
Should Minimum Parking Requirements be on this list?
This sounds more like bad public policy than a pseudoscience. ~2026-17086-45 (talk) 15:40, 4 May 2026 (UTC)
- No, of course it should not be on the list. I'll get rid of it. Polygnotus (talk) 16:13, 4 May 2026 (UTC)
- Hey, I have not (yet) reverted your edit, but I'm not sure, after reading the sources, that your edit was so unambiguously correct. Both sources do call the system pseudoscientific, and while I agree parking minimums (etc) are nowhere claimed to be 'a science', that is also not necessarily the inclusion criterium for this list (characterised as pseudoscience =/= pseudoscience). I would urge a further discussion of this, perhaps after the RfC concludes. Otherwise, I would characterise your edit as bold. Slomo666 (talk) 21:58, 4 May 2026 (UTC)
- @Slomo666 Where is the consensus for inclusion? Polygnotus (talk) 23:16, 4 May 2026 (UTC)
- Hey, I have not (yet) reverted your edit, but I'm not sure, after reading the sources, that your edit was so unambiguously correct. Both sources do call the system pseudoscientific, and while I agree parking minimums (etc) are nowhere claimed to be 'a science', that is also not necessarily the inclusion criterium for this list (characterised as pseudoscience =/= pseudoscience). I would urge a further discussion of this, perhaps after the RfC concludes. Otherwise, I would characterise your edit as bold. Slomo666 (talk) 21:58, 4 May 2026 (UTC)
Reverts by Shlomo
Shlomo: The text you restored: "These characterizations were made in the context of educating the public about questionable or potentially fraudulent or dangerous claims and practices, efforts to define the nature of science, or humorous parodies of poor scientific reasoning." are wikipedian's editorializing that have nothing to do neither with policy nor inclusion criteria. Idle talk has no place in Wikipedia articles. On the other hand, added text mentions policies to be consulted, hence helpful. --Altenmann >talk 14:55, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
Your edit summary " I am merely removing it until the RfC concludes" is irrelevant, because the content you restores in not discussed in RfC. --Altenmann >talk 14:59, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
My edit summary "yes it is" was misguided, because I erroneouly thought you were restoring deleted items. --Altenmann >talk 14:59, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
Requested move 7 May 2026
- The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
The result of the move request was: moved. I find strong consensus to move here; no policy-based arguments have been made against the move. (closed by non-admin page mover) {{GearsDatapacks|talk|contribs}} 07:15, 14 May 2026 (UTC)
List of topics characterized as pseudoscience → List of pseudoscience topics – There appears to be confusion among the editors of this page, and presumably the readers too, about the list selection criteria as implied by the current title. Currently, inclusion on the list only requires that some "academic or researcher" has labeled the topic as pseudoscience, instead of the more stringent requirements at WP:PSEUDOSCIENCE and WP:FRINGE/PS about when a topic may be described as pseudoscience in Wikipedia's voice. Renaming, and adjusting the list selection criteria accordingly would resolve that confusion. Of course, there would be more to it than just changing the title - the lead would need to be rewritten, and each entry examined to determine if it met the more stringent inclusion criteria.
BTW, WP:RFCNOT stipulates that the RfC process should not be used for renaming requests, hence this process vs an RfC. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 00:39, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
(ping @Martin Rundkvist @EntropyReducingGuy @[[User:Chimera1917}]] @Szechian66 Augmented Seventh User:Slomo666 @Polygnotus @User:Bon courage @296cherry @Maltazarian @Fountains of Bryn Mawr @ApLundell @Valjean ) Mr. Swordfish (talk) 12:59, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- Support Updating a comment I made previously:
- A) There are times when we say in Wikipedia's voice that something is pseudoscience. Examples include Creation science, Acupuncture, and Lysenkoism.
- B) There are other times when we attribute that description to someone else. Examples include Feng_shui, Psychoanalysis, and Eugenics.
- There are clear policies at WP:FRINGE/PS and WP:FRINGE/QS regarding when we can do A; for B we only have to follow the general P&Gs, so it's a much looser standard.
- The problem as I see it is that our readers may think that inclusion on this list implies A and not just B. Yes, if you carefully parse the current title and the introduction, inclusion implies only B and not necessarily A, but it seems quite likely that out readers may not parse it that narrowly and come away with the wrong impression.
- Agree that many of the items in this list are "edge cases". And when we list them here, we run the risk of implying that they are not edge cases. Hence the suggestion above to remedy that by only including entries where the topic article clearly states that it is in category A. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 01:21, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- Support - thoroughly dislike vague criteria. --Altenmann >talk 02:33, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- BTW, when the dust settles, we have to figure out what to do with numerous "snake oil" entries in the list, leaving only the ones that claim some scientific background/researh. --Altenmann >talk 02:33, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- I still don’t have a strong opinion on what should happen with the page, but I imagine if this proposal passes, the entire page will be reworked, (as would the templates atop this talk page) to align with the new purpose of the article and its new inclusion criteria. Slomo666 (talk) 14:04, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- Regarding A and B of Mr swordfish, our "pseudoscience" article mentions strong criteria, like here and elsewhere. Therefore IMO we can use Wikipedia voice, provided consensus. --Altenmann >talk 02:33, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- Support. I will just quote my reasoning from the RfC as to why I want this done.
The TL:DR is that if we are confident enough to say in wikivoice that there is scientific consensus that a topic is a pseudoscience on that topic's article then we should be doing so on this list, and if we don't do that on that topic's article it shouldn't be on the list. We shouldn't be creating the impression of a false equivalence between, for example, historical materialism and climate change denial. Just to be extra clear: although "climate change denial" isn't a pseudoscience in its own right per se, it usually takes the form of pseudoscientific theories that purport to refute the claim that humans are the cause of ongoing climate change, and that's what I'm referring to here. ⹃Maltazarian ᚾparleyThe list shies away from stating that the entries are pseudoscience instead of just being called pseudoscience, and I don't see that as beneficial at all. Sure, it makes it easier to add stuff to the list without massive RfC arguments in a contentious topic area is a pseudo but what matters is not what is beneficial to us editors but rather what is beneficial to readers. The list doesn't clarify for each individual entry if it's nearly universally agreed to be pseudoscience or not, and the result of this is that we open the door to reader speculation. They might think "Okay this is an entry on the list, but that doesn't mean it is pseudoscience, it just means some naysayers claim it is!" and that would perhaps be fine for an entry like historical materialism, if it were to be added, but it's a terrible thing to let readers have as the takeaway for something like climate change denial. On the other hand they might think "Okay, the list saying it's topics "characterized" as pseudoscience is clearly just being diplomatic/appeasing towards pseudoscience believers, the entries on this list are clearly going to all be obvious pseudoscience!" and the reverse goes here: fine for climate change denial, not so much for something like historical materialism.
investigateᛅ 13:35, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- Support anything other than the current title. Maybe just "list of pseudosciences"? Polygnotus (talk) 13:46, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- There is a guideline, Wikipedia:Fringe theories, which says:
Y Pseudoscience (Non-scientific statement claiming to be scientific): String theory proves that running water emits electricity when the quarks are aligned with the stars.
N Not pseudoscience (no claim that it's scientific): Santa Claus has magic reindeer that can fly.
- It also says:
Articles about hypotheses that have a substantial following but which critics describe as pseudoscience, may note those critics' views; however, such hypotheses should not be described as unambiguously pseudoscientific if a reasonable amount of academic debate still exists.
- And MOS:LABEL, which is part of the Words to watch guideline, says
Value-laden labels – such as calling an organization a cult, an individual a racist, sexist, terrorist, or freedom fighter, or a sexual practice a perversion – may express contentious opinion and are best avoided unless widely used by reliable sources to describe the subject, in which case use in-text attribution.
- So it looks like the PAGs are on the side of "only describe something as pseudoscientific if the academic debate has been settled" and "best avoided unless widely used by reliable sources" and not "if one academic/researcher claims something is pseudoscience then list it on List of topics characterized as pseudoscience"...
- The title and first sentence of the article and the hidden comment are just some editor's opinion of what it should be. You can edit 'em if you want. They do not override the PaGs. A topic is not automatically suitable for inclusion on this list just because one source has called it pseudoscience. Polygnotus (talk) 23:16, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
- oppose I think that the word "characterised" hold the key to this. I dont think that this proposal will help us write decent articles on the subject, when the bar has been raised from "characterised" to just "pseudoscience" without the qualification. True believers will jump for joy, knowing they can insert a knife into this seafood and winkle out that there is no absoluteness to this pseudoscience thing, but the article with its proposed new title demands absolute hard definition. woosters will have a field day on talk pages throughout the project. Think of the children people. - Walter Still not in the Epstein Files Ego 14:22, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- The standard would be the same as what the rest of the project already uses. It would go off WP:FRINGE#Spectrum of fringe theories. That allows us to call blatant cases of pseudoscience as such, and for other ones we would go off WP:RS. ⹃Maltazarian ᚾparley
investigateᛅ 14:40, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- woosters will have a field day on talk pages throughout the project.
- I fail to see how changes to this page would affect talk pages throughout the project. Is there some mechanism you have in mind? My assumption is that editors at the various topic articles referenced by this list are capable of holding their own in the presence of "woosters". If not, we have larger problems than the title of this article. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 01:21, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
- The standard would be the same as what the rest of the project already uses. It would go off WP:FRINGE#Spectrum of fringe theories. That allows us to call blatant cases of pseudoscience as such, and for other ones we would go off WP:RS. ⹃Maltazarian ᚾparley
- Think of the readers Walter, ignore the childish editors who cannot take onboard both the title and the first sentence. What's up with 'topics' anyway? Wouldn't that make this content more appropriate in an Outline of pseudoscience rather than a list? Would that spare the children's feelings? fiveby(zero) 16:01, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- Oppose. In part because of the cringe factor of apparently trying to use "pseudoscience" as an adjective. And then wouldn't this just be a mirror of category:pseudoscience anyway? AfD it or keep it as is; yet more fudge / redundancy is not the answer. Bon courage (talk) 16:06, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- I agree that we should avoid "pseudoscience topics"; if we do want to go with a construction like the one proposed it should be List of pseudoscentific topics. Ham II (talk) 16:13, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
pseudoscience or pseudoscientific makes no difference to me.Thinking and reading about this for a bit, the use of "List of __NOUN__ topics" is perfectly normal everyday English, despite the objection that an adjective needs to appear before the word "topics".
- I agree that we should avoid "pseudoscience topics"; if we do want to go with a construction like the one proposed it should be List of pseudoscentific topics. Ham II (talk) 16:13, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- For instance we have the List of mathematics topics, which includes several dozen examples as sub-lists such as List of calculus topics, List of trigonometry topics, and List of algebraic geometry topics. There are many more.
- I'd prefer not to get hung up on some schoolmarmish grammer non-issue here. Remember "The English language drinks prescriptivist tears like fine wine."
- BTW, The redirect from list of pseudoscience topics has been in operation for a dozen years without comment, for what that's worth.
- I don't understand the "more fudge / redundancy" comment. More fudge? No idea what that is supposed to mean. Redundancy? The current basically reproduces what's here, without regard to WP:FRINGE/PS, so it's already redundant. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 00:23, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
- We can go with pseudoscientific topics, that'd be fine. I don't understand the complaint that something is based on the same inclusion criteria as a category though. That can be said for many lists, and categories are very hidden to the average reader. In addition to this the list obviously includes more than just links to each topic which alone justifies the overlapping scope. ⹃Maltazarian ᚾparley
investigateᛅ 16:17, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- If this does end up at AfD, may I ask in advance that the page history be saved somewhere? I think the development of this article (and particularly the lede) are very interesting and may be of use in future meta posts or analysis of the history of Wikipedia. Slomo666 (talk) 16:18, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- We can go with pseudoscientific topics, that'd be fine. I don't understand the complaint that something is based on the same inclusion criteria as a category though. That can be said for many lists, and categories are very hidden to the average reader. In addition to this the list obviously includes more than just links to each topic which alone justifies the overlapping scope. ⹃Maltazarian ᚾparley
- Support. “Characterized” is incredibly vague; it could imply that anyone calling something pseudoscience makes that topic suitable to be listed, which is simply ridiculous. 296cherry (talk) 20:08, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- Well, not just anyone calling something pseudoscience, the lead restricts it to "academics or researchers" which is a bit better than anyone, but not by much. Is the person living in their parents' basement watching YouTube videos all day a "researcher"? Probably not, but who knows?
- WP:STANDALONE requires that stand alone lists like this one "have clear selection criteria", and as you accurately point out, the current wording is vague.
- Also, WP:CRITERIA has this to say about the goal of an article title:
- Precision – The title unambiguously identifies the article's subject and distinguishes it from other subjects.
- So, the current title and selection criteria seem to fall short of the policies and guidelines. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 01:12, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
- Support. “Characterized” is incredibly vague; it could imply that anyone calling something pseudoscience makes that topic suitable to be listed, which is simply ridiculous. 296cherry (talk) 20:08, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
- * Comment The policy on article titles has a section on how to choose an article title. One criterion is
- Consistency – The title is consistent with the pattern of similar articles' titles.
- Looking at the numerous articles at the list of lists, I find vanishingly few that have an obfuscatory or equivocal construction like "List of things that are characterized as X".
- To highlight a few examples:
- List of ethnic slurs not List of names that some people think are offensive
- List of topics related to Barack Obama not List of topics said to be related to Barack Obama
- List of banned films not List of movies that some people say should be banned
- List of municipalities in Colorado not List of municipalities considered part of Colorado
- Where the third-third party construction does appear, it's in articles such as List of music considered the worst or List of roller coaster rankings. For the former, there is no policy or guideline that allows us to state that some song is "the worst" in wikipedia's voice; instead the selection criteria for that page is fairly explicit about which sources can be used to establish inclusion. In the second case, the rankings are by things easily measurable like height, length, speed, etc.
- So, this article title is an outlier from "the pattern of similar articles' titles". Now, we don't have to follow that goal if we have a good reason not to. But so far I haven't heard a good reason to treat this list so differently than the thousands of others on wikipedia. Perhaps those who oppose the proposal can explain why that would be desirable in this case. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 00:58, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
- I’m sorry but, that list you made is hilarious 😂. Think that just hits the point home that the current title is unsuitable. 296cherry (talk) 01:55, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
- <hehe>The last one is ha-ha only serious, see Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of people accused of bribery in Russia. --Altenmann >talk 01:28, 10 May 2026 (UTC)
- I’m sorry but, that list you made is hilarious 😂. Think that just hits the point home that the current title is unsuitable. 296cherry (talk) 01:55, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
Oppose[EDIT: Neutral, per discussion below] as stating this list in Wikipedia's voice judges some good topics along with the vast majority being nonsense. Better to say 'characterized' as that lays the judgement at the feet of others. Example, long ago I had very good experiences with both the Alexander Technique and Feldenkrais Method, and decades later had one session where the person knew immediately, from my bodies response, that I had previous experience. Other examples of questionable entries exist on this list, so let's keep it to individual criticism and not a full-on Wikipedia denial. Randy Kryn (talk) 15:43, 8 May 2026 (UTC)- This move would lead to any topics that it would be inappropriate to call pseudoscientific in wikivoice being removed due to not meeting the inclusion criteria. ⹃Maltazarian ᚾparley
investigateᛅ 15:50, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
- Maybe, but disagreements would leave some topics still on the list which are arguably mislabeled. In any case, interesting discussion. Randy Kryn (talk) 15:58, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
- @Randy Kryn Have you read this. Polygnotus (talk) 19:54, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
- In particular, neither the Alexander Technique nor the Feldenkrais Method would survive the cut. Moreover, neither entry even meets the current criteria since the topic articles and this list fail to contain a cite where some "academic or researcher" calls either of them pseudoscience.
- I'm not sure I understand the opposition, since to use the language above the "good topics" would not appear on the list, leaving only "nonsense". . Mr. Swordfish (talk) 20:03, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
- Good points, have changed to neutral and will watch the discussions, thanks. Randy Kryn (talk) 22:29, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
- Maybe, but disagreements would leave some topics still on the list which are arguably mislabeled. In any case, interesting discussion. Randy Kryn (talk) 15:58, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
- This move would lead to any topics that it would be inappropriate to call pseudoscientific in wikivoice being removed due to not meeting the inclusion criteria. ⹃Maltazarian ᚾparley
- Support - the current title and LSC is vague and looks to the reader like it's being applied subjectively, eg, Evolution and Climate change are not on this list even though they meet the written LSC. Those items are not on this list for very good policy reasons but that is not apparent to the reader. WP:LSC advises there be an explicit criteria. Fountains of Bryn Mawr (talk) 20:02, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
Next steps after move
Since the move was successful, we now have a bunch of entries that are not necessarily pseudoscience, or at least we can't call them that as per the policies and guidelines.
I'll make a first pass at removing those entries today, since as it stands the implication of a topic appearing on this list is that we are calling it pseudoscience in Wikipedia's voice instead of it merely being "characterized" as pseudoscience by some "academic or researcher". The criteria will of necessity be quick and dirty - i.e. if the topic article clearly states it is pseudoscience, the entry will remain, if the language in topic article falls short of clearly declaring it to be pseudoscience it will be removed. There is plenty of time to restore anything that is removed.
The lead and the FAQ will need to be reworked too. Thanks for everyone who participated in the discussions above. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 12:51, 14 May 2026 (UTC)
- I've now made a first pass at modifying the lead and culling the entries that are not described as pseudoscience in their topic articles. Each removal was its own edit so you can review what I removed. I probably missed a few, and there are very likely some that could be restored via discussion. I don't claim that this quick process was perfect, but hopefully there aren't any entries left that would fall afoul of WP:PSEUDOSCIENCE or WP:FRINGE/PS. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 15:06, 14 May 2026 (UTC)
- ... and it starts. I'm not sure I'm on board with this. Obviously there was a consensus driven change, but nevertheless. - Walter Still not in the Epstein Files Ego 15:14, 14 May 2026 (UTC)
- There will likely be spirited discussions of the inclusion or non-inclusion of various individual topics. That's probably a good thing. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 15:23, 14 May 2026 (UTC)
- I think it's for the better, and I have confidence that the editors involved in the previous discussions have the ability to deal with this without it turning into a circus. I'm going to go look over the changes now. ⹃Maltazarian ᚾparley
investigateᛅ 19:26, 14 May 2026 (UTC)
- ... and it starts. I'm not sure I'm on board with this. Obviously there was a consensus driven change, but nevertheless. - Walter Still not in the Epstein Files Ego 15:14, 14 May 2026 (UTC)
List of topics characterized as pseudoscience
There appears to be conflict here. The redirect above which points here, has different qualification parameters. Why?
Which ones do we use? - Walter Still not in the Epstein Files Ego 21:03, 14 May 2026 (UTC)
- By "different qualification parameters" do you mean list selection criteria?
- If so, use the current title, not the previous one. Note that the re-direct went the other way until this morning. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 21:25, 14 May 2026 (UTC)
- list selection criteria is what I meant yes.
- So, when will the redirect with the wrong list selection criteria be deleted? - Walter Still not in the Epstein Files Ego 22:13, 14 May 2026 (UTC)
- At this point, there are many wikilinks to the old title. Without the redirect, all these links will break. Perhaps someone will run a bot to change all those links, but that still won't address any links from outside wikipedia, so it's unlikely that the redirect will be deleted any time soon if at all.
- There's a process at Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion for deleting redirects. I doubt that a deletion request would be successful. Mr. Swordfish (talk) 23:59, 14 May 2026 (UTC)

