ENSIKLOPEDIA

Tekan Enter untuk memulai pencarian cepat.

Kembali ke Ensiklopedia Arsip Wikipedia Indonesia

PLZ-89

Chinese 122 mm self-propelled howitzer

Not to be confused with the PTZ-89 or Type 89 tank destroyer, which shares a very similar designation.

PLZ-89
Type	Self-propelled howitzer
Place of origin	China
Service history
Used by	See § Operators
Specifications
Mass	20 t (20 long tons; 22 short tons)
Length	11 m (36 ft)
Width	3.4 m (11 ft)
Height	2 m (6 ft 7 in)
Crew	5

Calibre	122 mm (4.8 in)
Traverse	360°
Rate of fire	6–8 rounds/min
Maximum firing range	18 km (11 mi) for standard high-explosive 21 km (13 mi) for ERFB-BB

Main armament	122 mm howitzer
Secondary armament	12.7 mm anti-aircraft machine gun/2 sets of 4-barrel grenade launchers
Engine	12V150L12 liquid-cooled diesel 450 hp (340 kW)
Suspension	Torsion bar
Operational range	500 km (310 mi)
Maximum speed	60 km/h (37 mph)

The Type 89 self-propelled howitzer (military designation PLZ-89) is a 122 mm self-propelled howitzer used by China's People's Liberation Army to replace Type 85 and Type 70 122 mm self-propelled howitzer. The PLZ-89 was first unveiled to the public during the 1999 Chinese National Day Parade.

Development

Since the late 1970s, a number of 122 mm self-propelled howitzers (SPH) had been developed in China to meet Chinese army requirements. The People's Liberation Army (PLA) required a mobile artillery system to provide medium- to long-range indirect fire support for motorised infantry and armoured troops and capable of keeping pace with them. However, none of them could meet these requirements. The Type 89 self-propelled howitzer, also known as the PLZ-89, was developed in the late 1980s. It was a Chinese attempt to develop an indigenous SPH with similar capabilities to the Soviet 2S1 Gvozdika. The Type 89 is currently in service with the PLA and PLA Navy Marine Corps. Several hundred of these artillery systems were built.^[1]

Design

The Type 89 SPH is armed with a 122 mm/L32 howitzer. The main armament is derived from the Type 86 (W-86) 122 mm/32-caliber towed howitzer, which itself is a Chinese licensed copy of the Soviet D-30 122 mm howitzer. The PLZ-89 carries 40 rounds inside the turret. The gun is equipped with semi-automatic loader with a maximum rate of fire of 6–8 rounds/min and fire accuracy is achieved by a digital fire-control system and a roof-mounted electro-optical sighting for day/night operations. This artillery system is compatible with Chinese and Russian 122 mm ammunition. Its maximum range of fire is 18 km (11 mi) using standard HE projectiles and 21 km (13 mi) with extended-range projectiles. The vehicle is fitted with a computerised fire-control system, night vision.^[2]

The secondary armament consists of a roof-mounted QJC-88 12.7 mm machine gun. For the safety of its crew of five, the vehicle is armoured against small-arms fire and artillery shell splinters, and fitted with NBC protection, fire detection and automatic fire suppression systems. Its tracked chassis, developed from the Type 77 amphibious armoured personnel carrier, is powered by a 450 hp (340 kW) 12V150L12 diesel engine. The Type 89 can also be fitted with a flotation kit for amphibious warfare.^[2]

Variants

PLZ-89: Baseline military version.
SH-3: Export-oriented variant featuring an improved chassis, new engine, new transmission.^[3]

Operators

China

People's Liberation Army Ground Force – 500 PLZ-89^[4]

Rwanda

Rwanda Defence Force – 6 SH-3^[5]

References

↑ "Type 89 - 122 mm self-propelled howitzer". Archived from the original on 3 October 2008. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
1 2 "PLZ-89 / Type 89 122mm howitzer". Army Recognition. 19 November 2017. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
↑ "SH-3 - 122 mm self-propelled howitzer". Archived from the original on 9 July 2009. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
↑ Verma, Vivek (April 2020). "Appraisal of PLA Artillery Modernisation". Issue Briefs. No. 220. Centre for Land Warfare Studies. p. 2. Archived from the original on 27 December 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
↑ International Institute for Strategic Studies (2023). Hackett, James (ed.). The Military Balance 2023. London: Routledge. p. 472. ISBN 978-1-032-50895-5.

v
t
e

Chinese modern armoured fighting vehicles

Main battle tank
and Light tanks

Domestic	Type 59 Type 62^x Type 69/79^x Type 80/88^x Type 96 Type 99 Type 15 Type 100
Export	Type 59G(BD) Durjoy Type 85^x Type 90^x MBT2000 VT1A VT2 VT4 VT5

Amphibious tanks
and fighting vehicles

Domestic	Type 63^x Type 63A ZTD-05
Export	VN16

Infantry fighting vehicles
and fire support vehicles

Domestic	ZBD-86/A ZSL-92/B ZBD-03 ZBD-04 ZBD-05 ZBL-08 ZBL-19 Type 100
Export	YW-307 YW-501 Type 91 VN2 CS/VN9 VN1 CS/AA5 VN11 VN12 VN17 VN18 VN20 VN22 VN23 CS/AA5 Type 59 HIFV

Armoured
personnel carriers

Domestic	Type 63^x Type 77 ZSD-89/A ZFB-91 ZSL-92 ZFB-05 ZSL-10
Export	YW531 Type 85/YW531H Type 89/YW534 Type 90/YW535 WZ-523 WZ-551 CS/VN9

Armored car
and MRAPs

NJ2045/2046
EQ2050
MV3
HMV3
CSK-131
CSK-141
CSK-181
Lynx ATV
VP11
VP22

Self-propelled howitzers
and mortars

Domestic	Type 70 SPG^x Type 83 SPH PLZ-89 PCP-001 PLL-05 PLZ-05 PLZ-07 PLL-09 PLZ-10 PCL-09 PCL-171 PCL-161 PCL-181
Export	Type 85 SPG SH-3 SH-11 SH16A PLZ-45 PLZ-52 PLZ-04 CS/SM4 SH5

Tank destroyer/ATMC
and Assault guns

Domestic	PTZ-89^x ZDF-89^x BJ2020 ATMC^x PTL-97^x PTL-02 WZ-550 ATMC ZBD-04A ATMC ZTL-11 Type 19 CTM-133 ATMC CTL-181A ATMC CSK-181 ATMC
Export	WMA301 ST1 ST3 VN22B VN23 VN-1 ATMC

SPAAGs and
Maneuver SHORADs

Domestic	Type 63^x Type 80^x PGZ-88^x PGZ-95 PGZ-09 PGL-12 PLB-625 HQ-7 HQ-13 HQ-17 FK-3000 OW5
Export	Type 92 Yitian CS/SA5 SWS2 Type 625E Yitian 2 FM-80 FM-2000

MRLs

Domestic	Type 63 Type 70 Type 82^x PHL-81 / PHZ-89 / PHL-90 PHL-11 / PHZ-11 PHL-03 PHL-16
Export	Type 83 (WM-40) WM-80 Type 90 AR series SR series A-100 series Weishi series Shenying series

Prototypes

WZ-111
WZ-132
WZ-122
59-16
NFV-1
Type 80
Type 98

List of equipment of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force
Category:Military vehicles of China

Note: ^x = retired from service or has ceased development

Sumber data: id.wikipedia.org via REST API v1

Development

Design

Variants

Operators

See also

References