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Outline of Taiwan

Country in East Asia

The flag of the Republic of China

The National Emblem of the Republic of China

Location of Taiwan off the eastern coast of China — Location in East Asia

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Taiwan:

Taiwan – a country in East Asia, officially named the Republic of China (ROC). Originally based in mainland China, the ROC now governs the island of Taiwan, which makes up over 99% of its territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and other minor islands. Taipei is the seat of the central government. Following the Chinese Civil War, the Chinese Communist Party took full control of mainland China and founded the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949. The ROC relocated its government to Taiwan, and its jurisdiction became limited to Taiwan and its surrounding islands. In 1971, the PRC assumed China's seat at the United Nations, which the ROC originally occupied. During the latter half of the 20th century, Taiwan experienced rapid economic growth and industrialization and is now an advanced industrial economy. In the 1980s and early 1990s, Taiwan evolved into a democracy with universal suffrage. Taiwan is one of the Four Asian Tigers and a member of the WTO and APEC. The 19th-largest economy in the world,^[1]^[2] its high tech industry plays a key role in the global economy.

General reference

Pronunciation: /ˈtaɪˈwɑːn/ ^ⓘ
- Mandarin: [tʰai˧˥u̯an˥]
- Min Nan Chinese: [tai˨wan˨˥]
Common English state names: Taiwan; archaic Formosa
Official English state names: Republic of China
Common endonym(s): 臺灣 (Táiwān; Tâi-oân)
Official endonym(s): 臺灣 – 中華民國 (Zhōnghuá Mínguó; Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok)
Adjectival(s): Taiwanese (disambiguation)
Demonym(s): Taiwanese
Etymology: Taiwan#Name
International rankings of Taiwan
ISO country codes: TW, TWN, 158
ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:TW
Internet country code top-level domain: .tw

Geography of Taiwan

Main article: Geography of Taiwan

Taiwan is:
- a common name used for the Republic of China since the 1970s, to avoid confusion with the People's Republic of China (commonly known as China)
- also the name of the Island of Taiwan (Formosa)
Location:
- Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
- Eurasia (but not on the mainland)
  - Asia
    - East Asia
- Pacific Ocean
- Time zone: National Standard Time (UTC+08:00)
- Extreme points of Taiwan
  - High: Yushan 3,952 m (12,966 ft)
  - Low: Pacific Ocean 0 m
- Land boundaries: none
- Coastline: 1,566 km
Population of Taiwan: 23,503,349 people (May 2016 estimate) - 58th most populous country
Area of Taiwan: 36,193 km² (13,974 sq mi) - 134th largest country
Atlas of Taiwan

Environment of Taiwan

Climate of Taiwan
Geology of Taiwan
National parks of Taiwan
Wildlife of Taiwan
- Endemic species of Taiwan
- Fauna of Taiwan
  - Birds of Taiwan
  - Mammals of Taiwan
    - Formosan rock macaque
- Flora of Taiwan

Geographic features of Taiwan

Hot springs in Taiwan - Taiwan has one of the highest concentrations of hot springs in the World.
Islands of Taiwan
- Taiwan
Mountains in Taiwan
- Volcanoes in Taiwan
Rivers in Taiwan
Taiwan Strait
World Heritage Sites in Taiwan: None

Regions of Taiwan

Main article: Regions of Taiwan

Alishan National Scenic Area
Metropolitan areas in Taiwan

Ecoregions of Taiwan

South Taiwan monsoon rain forests
Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests

Administrative divisions of Taiwan

Main articles: Administrative divisions of Taiwan and List of administrative divisions of Taiwan

Administrative division types
- Special municipalities (6) and Provincial cities (3)
  - Districts (170)
- Counties (13)
  - County-administered cities (14) and Townships (184)
Six special municipalities: Kaohsiung, New Taipei, Taichung, Tainan, Taipei, and Taoyuan.
Three provincial cities: Chiayi, Hsinchu, Keelung.
13 counties: Changhua, Chiayi, Hsinchu, Hualien, Kinmen, Lienchiang, Miaoli, Nantou, Penghu, Pingtung, Taitung, Yilan and Yunlin.
List of cities in Taiwan

Demography of Taiwan

Main article: Demographics of Taiwan

Government and politics of Taiwan

Main articles: Government of the Republic of China and Politics of the Republic of China

Form of government: semi-presidential representative democratic republic
Capital of the Republic of China: Taipei

Elections in Taiwan

Main article: Elections in Taiwan

Presidential elections in Taiwan
- 1996 - 2000 - 2004 - 2008 - 2012 - 2016 - 2020 - 2024
Legislative elections in Taiwan
- Legislative Yuan: 1969 - 1972 - 1975 - 1980 - 1983 - 1986 - 1989 - 1992 - 1995 - 1998 - 2001 - 2004 - 2008 - 2012 - 2016 - 2020 - 2024
- National Assembly: 1969 - 1972 - 1980 - 1986 - 1991 - 1996 - 2005 (defunct)
Referendums in Taiwan

Taiwan policy and ideology

Taiwanization and Desinicization
Sinicization
Iron rice bowl
Iron vote
Irredentism
228 Hand-in-Hand Rally

Political parties

Main article: List of political parties in Taiwan

Nationally represented parties

Democratic Progressive Party
Kuomintang
New Power Party
People First Party (Taiwan)
Non-Partisan Solidarity Union

Other parties

Civil Party (Taiwan)
Green Party Taiwan
Minkuotang
Natural Law Party
New Party (Taiwan)
Peasant Party (Taiwan)
Taiwan Independence Party
Taiwan Solidarity Union
Trees Party

Branches of government

Main article: Government of the Republic of China

The government of the Republic of China has five branches, called "yuan".

Leadership

Main articles: President of the Republic of China and Vice President of the Republic of China

Head of state: President, Lai Ching-te
- Vice President: Hsiao Bi-khim

Executive Yuan

Main article: Executive Yuan

Head of government: Premier of the Republic of China, Cho Jung-tai
The Cabinet (Executive Yuan)

Legislative Yuan

Main article: Legislative Yuan

Legislative Yuan is a unicameral parliament

Judicial Yuan

Main articles: Judicial Yuan and Law of the Republic of China

Supreme Court of the Republic of China

Examination Yuan

Main article: Examination Yuan

Control Yuan

Main article: Control Yuan

Foreign relations of Taiwan

Main articles: Foreign relations of Taiwan and Political status of Taiwan

Cross-Strait relations
Diplomatic missions of Taiwan
Four Noes and One Without
Four-Stage Theory of the Republic of China
Free Area of the Republic of China
ISO 3166-2:TW
List of Chinese Taipei Representatives to APEC
Political status of Taiwan
Sino-Pacific relations
Taiwan independence movement
Taiwan passport
Taiwan-United States relations
Visa policy of Taiwan

International organization membership

The Republic of China is a member of:

Asian Development Bank (ADB) (as Chinese Taipei)
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) (as Chinese Taipei)
Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)
International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) (as Chinese Taipei)
International Olympic Committee (IOC) (as Chinese Taipei)
International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) (as Chinese Taipei)
World Confederation of Labour (WCL)
World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
World Trade Organization (WTO) (as Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu, "Chinese Taipei")

The Republic of China is excluded from:

United Nations
- The Republic of China was a founding member of the UN, but withdrew in 1971 after the UNGA Resolution 2758 was proposed which was in favor of representation for the PRC.
- On 23 July 2007, the Republic of China's (15th) request to join the UN was rejected.^[3]

Law and order

Main article: Law of the Republic of China

Capital punishment in Taiwan
Constitution of the Republic of China
Corporal punishment in Taiwan
Human rights in Taiwan
Identification in Taiwan
Law enforcement in Taiwan
- Coast Guard Administration
- National Police Agency

Political/legal status of Taiwan

Chinese unification
Political status of Taiwan
Taiwan cession
Taiwan independence

Legal documentation of Taiwan status

Treaty of Shimonoseki
Cairo Conference
Potsdam Declaration
Treaty of Peace with Japan
Treaty of Taipei
General Order No. 1
Japanese Instrument of Surrender
Charter of the United Nations
Yalta Conference
Shanghai Communique

Military

Main article: Republic of China Armed Forces

Command
- Commander-in-chief: Lai Ching-te
  - Ministry of National Defense
Conscription in Taiwan
Forces
Military ranks of the Republic of China

Politicians

Annette Lu
John Chang
Morris Chang
Chen Shui-bian
Chiang Ching-kuo
Chiang Kai-shek
Chu Mei-feng
Frank Hsieh
Evonne Hsu
Katsura Taro
Lee Teng-hui
Lee Yuan-tseh
Li Ao
Lien Chan
Ma Ying-jeou
Pai Hsien-yung
Peng Ming-min
James Soong
Sisy Chen
Soong Mei-ling
Su Tseng-chang
Wang Jin-pyng
Wang Yung-ching
Yen Chia-kan
Yu Shyi-kun

History of Taiwan

Main articles: History of Taiwan and History of the Republic of China

Archaeological sites
February 28 Incident
32 Demands
Kaohsiung Incident
Koxinga
Timeline of Taiwanese history
- Timeline of diplomatic relations of Taiwan

By period

Mainland before 1949

Economic history of China
Military history of China (pre-1911)
List of earthquakes in China

Taiwan

Prehistory 50000 BCE – 1540 CE
Dapenkeng culture 4000 BCE – 2500 BCE
Kingdom of Middag 1540–1732
Dutch Formosa 1624–1662
Spanish Formosa 1626–1642
Kingdom of Tungning 1661–1683
Qing Taiwan 1683–1895
Republic of Taiwan 1895
Japanese Taiwan 1895–1945
Taiwanese Communist Party
Post-War Taiwan 1945–present

By region

History of Kaohsiung
History of Taipei

By subject

Cultural history
Economic history
Educational history
Military history of Taiwan
Political history

Historical figures

Rulers of Taiwan
Thomas Barclay (missionary)
George Leslie Mackay
James Laidlaw Maxwell

Culture of Taiwan

Main article: Culture of Taiwan

Architecture of Taiwan
Festivals in Taiwan
Public holidays in Taiwan
Languages of Taiwan
National symbols of the Republic of China
Night markets in Taiwan
People of Taiwan
Prostitution in Taiwan
Scenic areas in Taiwan
Chinese cuisine
- Taiwanese cuisine
Taiwanese identity
Tea culture of Taiwan

Arts in Taiwan

Art in Taiwan
Cinema of Taiwan
- Crystal Boys
- Cape No. 7
- Seediq Bale
Dance in Taiwan
- Cloud Gate Dance Theater
Literature of Taiwan
- Taiwanese literature movement
- Formosa Magazine
Music of Taiwan
- Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Song
- Opera of Taiwan
Photography in Taiwan
Television in Taiwan
- Taiwanese drama

Mass media of Taiwan

Main article: Mass media in Taiwan

International Community Radio Taipei
The China Post
Taipei Times
Taiwan News
Public Television Service
TVBS

Museums in Taiwan

Main article: List of museums in Taiwan

National Palace Museum
Taipei Fine Arts Museum
National Museum of History
Museum of World Religions
Fo Guang Shan Buddha Museum
New Taipei City Yingge Ceramics Museum
Tamkang University Maritime Museum
Taiwan Nougat Museum
Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines
Pinglin Tea Industry Museum
National Taiwan Museum
Republic of China Armed Forces Museum
Miniatures Museum of Taiwan

Religion in Taiwan

Main article: Religion in Taiwan

Buddhism in Taiwan
- Four Great Mountains (Taiwan)
Christianity in Taiwan
- Catholic Church in Taiwan
- Presbyterian Church in Taiwan
Islam in Taiwan
Judaism in Taiwan
Taiwanese folk beliefs

Sports in Taiwan

Main article: Sports in Taiwan

Professional baseball in Taiwan - Baseball is the most popular sport in Taiwan.
- Chinese Professional Baseball League
P. League+
Super Basketball League
Women's Super Basketball League

Economy and infrastructure of Taiwan

Main article: Economy of Taiwan

Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2021): 21st (twenty-first)
Agriculture in Taiwan
Banking in Taiwan
- Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan)
Communications in Taiwan
- Internet in Taiwan
Companies of Taiwan
Currency of Taiwan: dollar
- ISO 4217: TWD
Economic history of Taiwan
Energy in Taiwan
- Energy policy of Taiwan
- Nuclear power in Taiwan
Four Asian Tigers
Health care in Taiwan
Iron rice bowl
Taiwan Miracle
Taiwan Stock Exchange
- Taiwan Capitalization Weighted Stock Index
Tourism in Taiwan
Transportation in Taiwan
- Air transport in Taiwan
- Rail transport in Taiwan
- Highway system in Taiwan

Education and research in Taiwan

History of education in Taiwan
National Taiwan University
List of Taiwanese inventions and discoveries
List of universities in Taiwan
Intercollegiate Taiwanese American Students Association
Taiwan studies

Research institutes

Academia Sinica
Chungshan Institute of Science and Technology
Industrial Technology Research Institute
National Health Research Institutes
National Space Organization

Nobel laureates

Yuan T. Lee

References

↑ CIA World Factbook- GDP (PPP)
↑ Chan, Rachel (17 June 2009). "Taiwan needs to boost public awareness on climate change: EU envoy". China Post. Archived from the original on July 24, 2009. Retrieved 22 July 2009.
↑ News.bbc.co.uk 2007

External links

Wikimedia Atlas of Taiwan

Taiwan travel guide from Wikivoyage
Central Weather Bureau Archived 2008-05-23 at the Wayback Machine – local weather and earthquake reports
Satellite view of Taiwan at WikiMapia
Statistics of Taiwan
Office of the President
Control Yuan
Examination Yuan Archived 2010-02-01 at the Wayback Machine
Executive Yuan
Government Information Office
Judicial Yuan
Legislative Yuan
Ministry of Foreign Affairs Archived 2005-05-09 at the Wayback Machine
National Assembly
Taipei Economic & Cultural Representative Office in the U.S.
Taiwan e-Government

Taiwan at Wikipedia's sister projects:

Media from Commons
Quotations from Wikiquote
Textbooks from Wikibooks
Travel guides from Wikivoyage
Chinese edition of Wikipedia

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