List of protoplanetary nebulae list of protoplanetary nebulae . These objects represent the final stage before a planetary nebula . During this stage, the red giant star begins to slowly expel its outermost layers of material. A protoplanetary nebula usually glows by reflecting the light from its parent star. This stage is usually brief, typically lasting no more than a few thousand years.
List
Image
Name
Other designation
Date
Distancely )
Boomerang Nebula Centaurus Bipolar Nebula
1980
5,000
Calabash Nebula OH231.8+4.2
1786
4,200
Egg Nebula CRL 2688
1996
3,000
Frosty Leo Nebula IRAS 09371+1212
1976
3,000
Red Rectangle Nebula HD 44179
1973
2,300 ± 300
Cotton Candy Nebula IRAS 17150-3224
8,000[ 1]
Water Lily Nebula IRAS 16594-4656
1977[ 2]
IRAS 22036+5306 6,500
Westbrook Nebula IRAS 04395+3601
1975[ 3]
3,600 ± 700
IRAS 13208-6020
IRAS 20068+4051
LL Pegasi IRAS 23166+1655
1975[ 3]
4,000
M1-92 IRAS 19343+2926
1946[ 4]
8,000
IRAS 19024+0044 11,000
IRAS 19475+3119 15,000
IRAS 23304+6147 1988[ 5]
15,000
Roberts 22 (MR 22)AFGL 4104 1962[ 6]
6,500[ 7]
References
↑ "Planetary Nebula IRAS 17150-3224" .↑ Stephenson, C. B.; Sanduleak, N. (April 1977). "New H-alpha emission stars in the Milky Way" . The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series . 33 : 459– 469. Bibcode :1977ApJS...33..459S . doi :10.1086/190437 . Retrieved March 19, 2025 . 1 2 Walker, R. G. (July 1975). "AFCRL infrared sky survey. Volume 1: Catalog of observations at 4, 11, and 20 microns" (PDF) . Environmental Research Papers Air Force Cambridge Research Labs., Hanscom AFB, MA. : 1– 158. Bibcode :1975erp..rept.....W . Retrieved March 18, 2025 . ↑ Minkowski, R. (October 1946). "New Emission Nebulae" . Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific . 58 (344): 305– 309. Bibcode :1946PASP...58..305M . doi :10.1086/125855 . Retrieved March 18, 2025 . ↑ Preite-Martinez, A. (December 1988). "Possible new planetary nebulae in the IRAS point sourcecatalogue" . Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series . 76 : 317– 330. Bibcode :1988A& AS...76..317P . Retrieved March 18, 2025 . ↑ Roberts, M. S. (February 1962). "The galactic distribution of the Wolf-Rayet stars" . Astronomical Journal . 67 : 79– 85. Bibcode :1962AJ.....67...79R . doi :10.1086/108603 . Retrieved March 17, 2025 . ↑ Allen, D. A.; Hyland, A. R.; Caswell, J. L. (August 1980). "Roberts 22 : a bipolar nebula with OH emission" . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 192 (3): 505– 519. Bibcode :1980MNRAS.192..505A . doi :10.1093/mnras/192.3.505 . Retrieved March 17, 2025 .
