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List of floppy disk formats

This is a list of different floppy disk formats.

Physical formats


Size	Density	Sides	Tracks	tpi	bpi	Sectoring	Coercivity	Unformatted capacity per side
2 inch Video Floppy			52	256				>800 kB or 50 fields of analog video^[1]
2 inch LT-1	Double		80	245
21⁄2 inch	Single		16^[2]^[3]	48^[2]				64 kB
3 inch QuickDisk
3.25 inch	Single	1	80^[4]	140	4,625			250 kB
3.25 inch	Double	1	80^[4]	140	9,250			500 kB
31⁄2 inch	Single	2	40^[5]	67.5	8,650	Soft	665 Oe	250 kB^{[citation needed]}
	Double		80	135	8,717		665 Oe^[6]	500 kB^{[citation needed]}
	High		80	135	17,434		720-750 Oe	1 MB
	Extended		80	135	34,868		900 Oe	2 MB
	Triple^[7]		240^[8]	406.5^[8]	36,700^[8]		900 Oe	6.5 MB
4 inch DemiDiskette		1^[9]
51⁄4 inch	Single/Double	2	40	48	5,876	Soft or hard	300 Oe	250 kB
	Quad		77	100			300 Oe	500 kB (Micropolis-compatible)
	Quad		80	96	5,922		300 Oe	500 kB
	High		80	96	9,646	Soft	600 Oe	833 kB
	EH^[10]		104	125	29,560	Soft		6.5 MB^[11]
51⁄4 inch Apple FileWare	Double	2	80	62.5		Soft		851 kiB^[12]
8 inch	Single		77	48	3,268-3,408	Soft or hard (inner edge)	300 Oe	1 MB
	Double		77	48	6,816	Soft or hard (inner edge)	300 Oe	1 MB
	HD^[13]		154	96	20,560		600 Oe	9.6 MB^[14]
8 inch Memorex FD	650	1^[15]	50^[15]		2,400	Hard (outer edge)		1.5 Mb^[15]
8 inch Memorex FD	651	1^[15]	64^[16]		3,100	Hard (outer edge)		2.5 Mb^[16]^[17]
8 inch Burroughs	Double	2	139	150	7,100			2^[18]

Logical formats

Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, many different logical disk formats were used, depending on the hardware platform.

Common floppy disk formats, logical characteristics by platform
Platform	Size	Density	Sides	Tracks/ side	Sectors/ track	Bytes/ sector	Sectoring	Capacity	rpm	Encoding	Note
Acorn	51⁄4 inch	Single	1	40	10	256	Soft	100 kB	300	FM
		Single	1	80	10	256		200 kB		FM
		Double	1	40	16	256		160 kB		MFM
			1	80				320 kB
			2	80				640 kB
	31⁄2 inch	Double	2	80	16	256		640 kB	300	MFM	Format L: MOS (Electron, Master Compact)
		Double			5	1024		800 kB			Format D: Arthur, RISC iX Format E: RISC OS
		High			10	1024		1,600 kB			Format F: RISC OS 3 and later. Archimedes models before the A5000 require an upgraded floppy drive.
Agat	51⁄4 inch	Double	2	80	21	256		840 kB	300	MFM	^{[NB 1]}
Amiga	51⁄4 inch	Double	2	40	11	512	Soft	440 kB^{[NB 2]}	300	MFM	^{[NB 3]}
	51⁄4 inch	Quad		80				880 kB^{[NB 4]}
	31⁄2 inch	Double						880 kB
		High			19			1,520 kB		GCR	^{[NB 5]}
		High			22			1,760 kB	150	MFM	^{[NB 3]}
Amstrad CPC/PCW	3 inch	Double	1	40	9	512		180 kB	300	MFM	Single head drive, but double-sided floppy discs (total of 360 kB per floppy)
Amstrad PCW8512/9512	3 inch	Double	2	80	9	512		720 kB	300	MFM	720 kB mode uses both sides - ensure disc inserted correct way up.
Apple II	51⁄4 inch	Double	1	35	13	256	Soft	113.75 kB	300	GCR	^{[NB 6]}
	51⁄4 inch	Double	1	35	16	256		140 kB	300	GCR	^{[NB 6]}
	31⁄2 inch	Double	1	80	Variable (8-12)	512		400 kB	394 - 590	GCR	^{[NB 7]}
		Double	2	80	Variable (8-12)	512		800 kB	394 - 590	GCR	^{[NB 7]}
		High	2	80	18	512		1,440 kB	300	MFM	^{[NB 8]}
Apple Lisa	51⁄4 inch FileWare	Double	2	46	Variable (15-22)	512	Soft	851 kB	218 - 320^[19]	GCR
Apple Lisa 2/Macintosh XL, Macintosh	31⁄2 inch	Double	1	80	Variable (8-12)	512	Soft	400 kB	394 - 590	GCR
Macintosh		Double	2	80	Variable (8-12)	512		800 kB	394 - 590	GCR
Macintosh		High	2	80	18	512		1,440 kB	300	MFM
Atari 8-bit	51⁄4 inch	Single	1	40	18	128	Soft	90 kB	288	FM	^{[NB 9]}
		Dual			26	128		130 kB		MFM
		Double			18	256		180 kB
		Double	2		18	256		360 kB	300
Atari ST/TT/Falcon	31⁄2 inch	Double	1	80	9	512	Soft	360 kB	300	MFM
		Double	2		9			720 kB
		High	2		18			1,440 kB
Burroughs MD122	8 inch	Double	2	139	44	256	Soft	6.26 MB^[18]	524	MFM
Coleco ADAM	51⁄4 inch	Double	1	40	8	512	soft	160 kB	300	MFM
Commodore 64 (8-bit)	51⁄4 inch	Double	1	35	Variable (17-21) ZCAV	256	Soft	170 kB	300	GCR	^{[NB 10]}
		Double	2	35	Variable (17-21) ZCAV			340 kB
		Quad	1	77	Variable (23-29) ZCAV			521 kB
		Quad	2	77	Variable (23-29) ZCAV			1,042 kB
	31⁄2 inch	Double	2	80	10	512		800 kB		MFM
Commodore 128 (CP/M)	5 1/4	Double	2	40	26	128	Soft	260K	300	MFM	Commodore 1571 ^[20]
					16	256		320K
					9	512		360K
					5	1,024		400K
Commodore 900	51⁄4 inch	High	2	80	13-16	512	Soft	1,200kB	?	GCR	^[21]
DEC RX01	8 inch	Single	1	77	26	128		250 kB	360	FM
DEC RX02	8 inch	Double	1	77	26	256		500 kB	360	FM/MFM
DEC RX50	51⁄4 inch	Quad	1	80	10	512		400 kB	300	MFM
HP 110	31⁄2 inch	Double	2	76	9	512		710kB^[22]	600	MFM	HP 9114A
HP 80 9800 1000 and 3000	8 inch	Double	2	77	30	256		1.18 MB^[23]	360	MFM	HP 9895A
HP 86	51⁄4 inch	Double	2	35	16	256		280 kB^[24]	300	MFM	HP 9130K
IBM 33FD	8 inch	Single	1	77	26	128		240.5 kiB	360	FM	Diskette 1^[25]
					15	256		277.5 kiB
					8	512		296 kiB
IBM 43FD			2		26	128		481 kiB			Diskette 2^[25]
IBM 43FD					15	256		555 kiB			Diskette 2^[25]
IBM 53FD		Double			26	256		962 kiB		MFM	Diskette 2D^[25]
					15	512		1.08 MiB
					8	1,024		1.16 MiB
IBM PC compatibles^[26]	8 inch	Single	1	77	26	128	Soft	250.25 kB^{[NB 11]}^[26]^[27]^[28]	360	FM	^{[NB 12]}
		Single	2		26	128		500.5 kB^{[NB 11]}^[26]^[27]^[28]		FM
		Double	1		8	1,024		616 kB^{[NB 11]}^[27]^[28]		MFM
		Double	2		8	1,024		1,232 kB^{[NB 11]}^[26]^[27]^[28]		MFM
	51⁄4 inch	Double	1	40	8	512		160 kB^{[NB 11]}	300	MFM
			2		8			320 kB^{[NB 11]}
			1		9			180 kB^{[NB 11]}
			2		9			360 kB^{[NB 11]}
		Quad^{[NB 13]}	1	80	8			320 kB^{[NB 11]}	300
		Quad^{[NB 13]}	2	80	8			640 kB^{[NB 11]}	300
		High	2	80	15			1,200 kB^{[NB 11]}	360
	31⁄2 inch	Double	1	80	8	512		320 kB^{[NB 11]}	300	MFM
			1		9			360 kB^{[NB 11]}
			2		8			640 kB^{[NB 11]}
					9			720 kB^{[NB 11]}
		High			18			1,440 kB^{[NB 11]}
					21			1,680 kB^{[NB 11]}			DMF^{[NB 14]}
				82	21			1,720 kB^{[NB 11]}			DMF^{[NB 14]}
		Extended		80	36			2,880 kB^{[NB 11]}
Memorex 650	8 inch	Single	1	50	8	3,500 b	Hard	1.4 Mb^[15]	375	FM
Memorex 651	8 inch	Single	1	64	32	1.056 b	Hard	2.2 Mb^[17]	375	FM
MGT SAM Coupé	31⁄2 inch	Double	2	80	10	512		800 kB	300	MFM
NEC PC-98	8 inch	Single	1	77	26	128		250.25 kB^{[NB 11]}	360	FM
	8 inch	Double	2	77	8	1,024		1,232 kB^{[NB 11]}	360	MFM
	51⁄4 inch	Double	2	80	8	512		640 kB^{[NB 11]}	360	MFM
		Double			9			720 kB^{[NB 11]}
		High			15			1,200 kB^{[NB 11]}
		High		77 (80)^{[NB 15]}	8	1,024		1,232 (1,280) kB^{[NB 11]}^{[NB 15]}			^{[NB 15]}
	31⁄2 inch	Double	2	80	8	512		640 kB^{[NB 11]}	360	MFM
		Double			9			720 kB^{[NB 11]}
		High			15			1,200 kB^{[NB 11]}			3-mode^{[NB 16]}^{[NB 15]}
				77 (80)^{[NB 15]}	8	1,024		1,232 (1,280) kB^{[NB 11]}^{[NB 15]}			3-mode^{[NB 16]}^{[NB 15]}
				80	18	512		1.44 MB^{[NB 11]}	300
		Triple		240	38	512		9,120 kB	360		NEC PC-88 VA3 2TD drive only^[8]^[7]
Osborne 1^[29]	51⁄4 inch	Single	1	40	10	256	Soft	100 kB	300	FM
Osborne 1^[29]	51⁄4 inch	Double	1	40	5	1,024	Soft	200 kB	300	MFM
Sega SF-7000	3 inch	Single	2	40	16	256		160 kB	?	?	Expansion unit for SC-3000 home computer. Capacity is per side. ^[30]
SHARP X68000	51⁄4 inch	High	2	77	8	1,024		1,232 kB^{[NB 11]}	360	MFM
SHARP X68000	31⁄2 inch	High	2	77	8	1,024		1,232 kB^{[NB 11]}	360	MFM
SHARP CE-1600F, CE-140F	21⁄2 inch^[2]^[3]	Single	drive: 1, diskette: 2 (flippable)	16	8	512		2× 64 kB	270	GCR (4/5)	Internally based on FDU-250 Micro Floppy Disk Drive Unit^[2]
Tandy TRS-80	51⁄4 inch	Single	1	35	10	256	Soft	88 kB	300	FM	Model 1/3/4
	51⁄4 inch	Double	1	40	18	256		180 kB		MFM	Model 1/3/4P
	51⁄4 inch	Double	2	40	18	256		360 kB		MFM	Model 4D
	8 inch	Double	1	77	26	256		500 kB		MFM	Model 2
	31⁄2 inch	Single	1	40	2	1,280		100 kB^[31]		FM	Tandy Portable Disk Drive (aka Brother FB-100, knitking FD-19)
	31⁄2 inch	Single	1	80	2	1,280		200 kB^[32]		FM	Used only in Tandy Portable Disk Drive 2
	51⁄4 inch	Double	1	35	18	256		157 kB^[33]		MFM	Color Computer
Thomson	51⁄4 inch	Single	1	40	16	128		80 kB	300	FM	Thomson UD90.070
	51⁄4 inch	Double	2	40	16	256		320 kB	300	MFM	Thomson DD90-320^{[NB 17]}
	31⁄2 inch	Double	1	80	16	256		320 kB	300	MFM	Thomson TO9, Thomson DD09-350
	31⁄2 inch	Double	2	80	16	256		640 kB	300	MFM	Thomson TO8D, TO9+, Thomson DD90-352^{[NB 18]}
Victor 9000 / ACT Sirius 1^[34]	51⁄4 inch	Single	1	80	11-19 (variable)	512		612 kB^[35]	252-417 (variable)	GCR	Disks varied sectors/track and disk speed to keep consistent bit density across tracks^[34]
Victor 9000 / ACT Sirius 1^[34]	51⁄4 inch	Double	2	80	11-19 (variable)	512		1,196 kB^[35]	252-417 (variable)	GCR
Vtech Laser210/VZ200	51⁄4 inch	Single	?	40	16	?	Soft	78 kB	?	FM	RPM: 75.


Platform	Size	Density	Side	Track	Sector	Byte	Sectoring	Capacity	RPM	Encoding	Note
IBM PC Compatible	5 1/4	Quad	2	80	31	512	Soft	2.5MB	300	MFM	Rana 2000 with Rana controller card

Notes

↑ Custom controller with unique track layout.
↑ This format was used by the Amiga 1020 external floppy drive and some third-party drives connected to the normal Amiga floppy drive bus.
1 2 Though the Amiga used MFM, the format places sectors too close together for a standard IBM PC compatible floppy disk controller to read (appearing as one 5632-byte physical sector per track).
↑ Format used by rare third-party drives with quad density disks; such drives were usually switchable between 80-track and 40-track (A1520/PC-compatible) operation.
↑ Format used by third-party gcrdisk.device driver in order to use PC-standard HD floppy drives (which rotated at a fixed 300 rpm) via the Amiga floppy drive bus. The Amiga's floppy controller could not keep up with the data rate needed for MFM recording on HD floppies without reducing rotational speed, so the third party driver used an alternate GCR mode.
↑ 16 sector filesystems require a compatible disk controller (PROM update) and Apple DOS 3.3 or later.
↑ Apple II double-density 31⁄2-inch (90 mm) drives use variable sectors sizes (tracks 00-15: 12 sectors, tracks 16-31: 11 sectors, tracks 32-47: 10 sectors, tracks 48-63: 9 sectors, tracks 64-79: 8 sectors), 394 rpm to 590 rpm.
↑ Apple II high-density 31⁄2-inch (90 mm) drives require a compatible disk controller and ProDOS 8.
↑ Third party drives offer up to 1440 KB.
↑ Commodore floppy drives used a fixed rotation speed with variable sector density (see: Zone bit recording).
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 The calculated formatted capacity is based on FAT12 format.
↑ While IBM didn't include an 8-inch floppy drive option on any of their PCs and PC DOS, MS-DOS 1.25 supported 8-inch disks and added support for higher capacities in version 2.0. MS-DOS' predecessor 86-DOS used 8-inch diskettes as well.
↑ Rare format appearing on some early PC/XT clones using quad-density disks.
↑ These variations are known as DMF diskettes, used for a time to pack more data on to each disk for software distribution.
1 2 3 4 5 6 Inner 3 tracks of 8 sectors/track format are unused.
↑ The PC98 31⁄2-inch (90 mm) formats are also known as "3 Mode" floppy disks, usable on IBM PC compatibles with a 3-mode floppy drive.
↑ The two sides are managed as two independent 160 KB disks
↑ The two sides are managed as two independent 320 KB disks

References

↑ US4609949A, Kutaragi, Ken, "Magnetic disc reproducing apparatus", issued September 2, 1986, assigned to Sony Corporation
1 2 3 4 "Model CE-1600F". Sharp PC-1600 Service Manual (PDF). Yamatokoriyama, Japan: Sharp Corporation, Information Systems Group, Quality & Reliability Control Center. July 1986. pp. 98–104. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 23, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
1 2 Sharp Service Manual Model CE-140F Pocket Disk Drive (PDF). Sharp Corporation. 00ZCE140F/SME. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 11, 2017. Retrieved March 11, 2017.
↑ Tabor TC-500 Specifications. USA: Tabor Corp. Archived from the original on January 12, 2022.
↑ "PF-10" (PDF). Epson. 1984. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 21, 2020. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
↑ "Floppy Drive Tech Info". www.retrotechnology.com. Retrieved July 6, 2023.
1 2 NEC μPD72070 - Floppy Disk Controller Specification Version 2.0 (PDF). 2.0 preliminary. NEC Corporation. October 1991. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 20, 2017. Retrieved March 20, 2017.
1 2 3 4 "ハードウエア" [Hardware]. NEC PC-88VA (in Japanese). Archived from the original on June 18, 2017.
↑ US4482929A, Beck, John L.; Bornhorst, Randy J. & Smith, Donald J. et al., "Magnetic recording disk cartridge", issued November 13, 1984
↑ "Fujitsu Sales Prospector 1986". Archive.org. 1986. p. 238. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
↑ "コンピュータ・情報システム・パソコン・周辺機器" [Hitachi Computer Peripherals] (PDF). hitachihyoron.com. January 6, 1985. p. 9. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
↑ Berry, D (September 7, 1982). Lisa Hardware Manual (PDF). Apple Computer Inc. pp. 9–1.
↑ "Fujitsu Sales Prospector 1986". 1986. pp. 238, 239 – via Archive.org.
↑ "FDD-441大容量フロッピーディスク駆動装置の開発" [Development of FDD-441 Large-Capacity Floppy Disk Drive] (PDF). hitachihyoron.com. August 3, 1984. p. 3. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
1 2 3 4 650 Flexible Disc File OEM Manual 2944.010. Memorex Corp. 1972. p. 9.
1 2 Memorex Markette Flexible Discs (PDF). USA: Memorex Corp. 1978. pp. 1–2.
1 2 Memorex 651 Flexible Disc File OEM Manual. USA: Memorex Corp. 1977. p. 4.
1 2 Burroughs MD 122 Brochure. USA: Burroughs Marketing. 1979. p. 2.
↑ "Apple's Twiggy Disks". www.brouhaha.com. Retrieved October 11, 2023.
↑ "Commodore 1571". 1.0. Retrieved March 10, 2026.
↑ Purden, Benny; Hughes, Frank (March 15, 1985). "Commodore 900 Floppy Specification" (PDF). 1.0. Retrieved March 10, 2026.
↑ 9914A Disc Drive (PDF). Hewlett-Packard. June 1, 1984. p. 1-2.
↑ 9895A Flexible Disc Users Manual (PDF). Fort Collins, Colorado USA: Hewlett-Packard Desktop Computer Division. 1978. p. 6.
↑ HP 9130K Flexible Disc Drive Service Documentation (PDF). Fort Collins, Colorado USA: Hewlett-Packard Greeley Division. 1981.
1 2 3 The IBM Diskette General Information Manual (PDF) (Reference Manual). USA: IBM. 1979. pp. 18–19.
1 2 3 4 "Standard Floppy Disk Formats Supported by MS-DOS". 2.0. Microsoft. December 17, 2000. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
1 2 3 4 Zbikowski, Mark; Allen, Paul; Ballmer, Steve; Borman, Reuben; Borman, Rob; Butler, John; Carroll, Chuck; Chamberlain, Mark; Chell, David; Colee, Mike; Courtney, Mike; Dryfoos, Mike; Duncan, Rachel; Eckhardt, Kurt; Evans, Eric; Farmer, Rick; Gates, Bill; Geary, Michael; Griffin, Bob; Hogarth, Doug; Johnson, James W.; Kermaani, Kaamel; King, Adrian; Koch, Reed; Landowski, James; Larson, Chris; Lennon, Thomas; Lipkie, Dan; McDonald, Marc; McKinney, Bruce; Martin, Pascal; Mathers, Estelle; Matthews, Bob; Melin, David; Mergentime, Charles; Nevin, Randy; Newell, Dan; Newell, Tani; Norris, David; O'Leary, Mike; O'Rear, Bob; Olsson, Mike; Osterman, Larry; Ostling, Ridge; Pai, Sunil; Paterson, Tim; Perez, Gary; Peters, Chris; Petzold, Charles; Pollock, John; Reynolds, Aaron; Rubin, Darryl; Ryan, Ralph; Schulmeisters, Karl; Shah, Rajen; Shaw, Barry; Short, Anthony; Slivka, Ben; Smirl, Jon; Stillmaker, Betty; Stoddard, John; Tillman, Dennis; Whitten, Greg; Yount, Natalie; Zeck, Steve (1988). "Technical advisors". The MS-DOS Encyclopedia: versions 1.0 through 3.2. By Duncan, Ray; Bostwick, Steve; Burgoyne, Keith; Byers, Robert A.; Hogan, Thom; Kyle, Jim; Letwin, Gordon; Petzold, Charles; Rabinowitz, Chip; Tomlin, Jim; Wilton, Richard; Wolverton, Van; Wong, William; Woodcock, JoAnne (Completely reworked ed.). Redmond, Washington, USA: Microsoft Press. ISBN 1-55615-049-0. LCCN 87-21452. OCLC 16581341. (xix+1570 pages; 26 cm) (NB. This edition was published in 1988 after extensive rework of the withdrawn 1986 first edition by a different team of authors. )
1 2 3 4 Xerox 16/8 Professional Computer – MS-DOS OS Handbook for 8" Floppy Disks (PDF). Xerox. November 1983.
↑ Hogan, Thom; Iannamico, Mike (1982). Osborne 1 Technical Manual (PDF). Osborne Computer Corporation. p. 39.
↑ "Sega SF-7000 Super Control Station User Guide". Sega Enterprises. Retrieved February 10, 2020.
↑ Tandy Portable Disk Drive Operation Manual 26-3808. Japan: Radio Shack. 1985. p. 25.
↑ Tandy Portable Disk Drive 2 Operation Manual 26-3814. Japan: Radio Shack. 1986. p. 33.
↑ Radio Shack Hardware Manual: Color Computer Disk System Owners Manual (1981)(Tandy). 1981.
1 2 "Victor 9000 Hardware Reference Manual" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on January 29, 2022. Retrieved September 12, 2022.
1 2 Lemmons, Phil (November 1982). "Victor Victorious". BYTE. p. 216. Retrieved October 19, 2013.

The IBM Diskette General Information Manual (PDF). Product Reference Literature (Fifth ed.). IBM. August 1979.
"RX02 8 inch Floppy Drive Information". David Gesswein. Retrieved September 21, 2007.
"8 inch floppy disks". University of Amsterdam. Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved April 19, 2015.

External links

Media related to Floppy disk at Wikimedia Commons
Floppy Disk Formats at the Museum of Obsolete Media

Physical formats

Logical formats

See also

Notes

References

External links