Hizbul Mujahideen Hizb-ul-Mujahideen (bahasa Arab : حزب المجاھدین Ḥizb al-Mujāhidīn , artinya "Partai Prajurit Suci" atau "Partai mujahideen HuM atau HM ) adalah sebuah kelompok militan separatis yang aktif di wilayah Jammu dan Kashmir yang berniat mengintegrasikan wilayah tersebut dengan Pakistan . Kelompok tersebut telah mengklaim pertanggungjawaban atas serangkaian serangan teror di India.[ 4] [ 5] [ 6] [ 7] Uni Eropa ,[ 8] India ,[ 9] Amerika Serikat .[ 10] [ 12]
Referensi
↑ Desk, The Hindu Net (2017-06-27). "Who is Syed Salahuddin, and why is he designated as a 'global terrorist'?" . The Hindu (dalam bahasa Indian English). ISSN 0971-751X . Diakses tanggal 2020-05-27 . ↑ "Saifullah Mir aka Ghazi Haider, 26, is Hizbul's new face of terror in Kashmir" . Hindustan Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2020-05-10. Diakses tanggal 2020-05-27 .↑ Jaffrelot, Christophe (2002-05-17). Pakistan: Nationalism Without A Nation 180. ISBN 9781842771174 ↑ "Hizbul Mujahideen takes responsibility for attack on CRPF camp" . NDTV.com . Diakses tanggal 2020-06-10 .↑ Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "Refworld | Country Reports on Terrorism 2017 - Foreign Terrorist Organizations: Hizbul Mujahideen" . Refworld (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2020-06-10 . ↑ Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "Refworld | U.S. Department of State Country Report on Human Rights Practices 1998 - India" . Refworld (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2020-06-12 . ↑ Joshi, Manoj (1999-01-01). The Lost Rebellion ISBN 978-0-14-027846-0 ↑
"Council Decision (CFSP) 2015/2430 of 21 December 2015" . Official Journal of the European Union. 22 December 2015. Diakses tanggal 2017-05-15 . ↑
"Banned Organisations" . Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013-01-29. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2013-01-29. ↑
"US adds 4 Indian outfits to terror list" . Rediff News . 30 April 2004. Diakses tanggal 13 May 2015 ."Appendix A: Chronology of Significant Terrorist Incidents, 2002" , Patterns of Global Terrorism , US Department of State, 30 April 2003"Appendix C: Background Information on Other Terrorist Groups" , Patterns of Gloabal Terrorism , US Department of State, 30 April 2003"Appendix C – Background Information on Other Terrorist Groups" , Patterns of Global Terrorism , 29 April 2004Appendix C: Background Information on Other Terrorist Groups (PDF) , US Department of State ↑ "The Hizbul Mujahideen | IPCS" . www.ipcs.org . Diakses tanggal 2020-09-04 .
Daftar pustaka
Bhatnagar, Gaurav (2009), "The Islamicization of Politics: Motivations for Violence in Kashmir" (PDF) , The Journal of Politics and Society , 20 (1): 13– 14 Bose, Sumantra (2003). Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace ISBN 978-0-674-01173-1 – via archive.org. Pemeliharaan CS1: Ref menduplikasi bawaan (link ) Fair, C. Christine (2013). "Insights from a Database of Lashkar-e-Taiba and Hizb-ul-Mujahideen Militants". Journal of Strategic Studies . 37 (2): 259– 290. doi :10.1080/01402390.2013.811647 . ISSN 0140-2390 . S2CID 154750998 .Farman Ali, Rao (2017), History of Armed Struggles in Kashmir ISBN 9789383908646 Garner, George (2013). "Chechnya and Kashmir: The Jihadist Evolution of Nationalism to Jihad and Beyond". Terrorism and Political Violence . 25 (3): 419– 434. doi :10.1080/09546553.2012.664202 . ISSN 0954-6553 . S2CID 143798822 . Jamal, Arif (2009), Shadow War: The Untold Story of Jihad in Kashmir ISBN 978-1-933633-59-6 Kiessling, Hein (2016), Faith, Unity, Discipline: The Inter-Service-Intelligence (ISI) of Pakistan ISBN 978-1-84904-863-7 K., Santhanam (2003). Jihadis in Jammu and Kashmir: A Portrait Gallery 128. ISBN 978-0-674-01173-1 Sirrs, Owen L. (2016), Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate: Covert Action and Internal Operations 177, ISBN 978-1-317-19609-9 Staniland, Paul (2014), Networks of Rebellion: Explaining Insurgent Cohesion and Collapse ISBN 978-0-8014-7102-5 Pemeliharaan CS1: Ref menduplikasi bawaan (link ) Swami, Praveen (2007), India, Pakistan and the Secret Jihad: The covert war in Kashmir, 1947-2004 ISBN 978-0-415-40459-4