The branch had long been considered to be part of the Takic subgroup, but there is doubt about the validity of Takic as a genetic unit, the similarities between the languages classed as Takic possibly being due primarily to borrowing.[2][3]
↑Munro, Pamela (2000). "Takic Foundations of Nicoleño Vocabulary"(PDF). Proceedings of the Fifth California Islands Symposium. Fifth California Islands Symposium. Santa Barbara: US Department of the Interior. pp.659–668.
↑Shaul, D. L. (2014). A Prehistory of Western North America: The Impact of Uto-Aztecan Languages. UNM Press.
↑Hill, J. H. (2011). "Subgrouping in Uto-Aztecan". Language Dynamics and Change, 1(2), 241-278.
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