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Adolf Heyduk (6 June 1835 – 6 February 1923)[1] was a Czechpoet and writer, a representative of the May School.[2]
He is best known internationally because of his poem cycle Gypsy Melodies that were set to music by Antonín Dvořák. The most widely performed is the poignant and tender Songs My Mother Taught Me, included in the repertoire of many instrumentalists and vocalists.
Life
Heyduk was born on 6 June 1835 in Rychmburk, Bohemia, Austrian Empire (today Předhradí, Czech Republic). In 1850, he began his studies at Ječná gymnasium in Prague from which he graduated in 1854. At his parents' request, he studied engineering in Brno for a year and then transferred to Prague Polytechnic. At this time, he met poet Jan Neruda, with whom he established a close friendship. Heyduk finished his studies in 1859 and became a teacher at a gymnasium. In 1860, he moved to Písek to teach drawing and engineering at the local college.[3] He was charmed by the small town and quickly became a native. In 1876, he became the chairman of the literary section of the Umělecká beseda association.
In 1877, he married his student Emílie Reinerová, the daughter of a restaurant owner in Písek.[3] In the following years, he became a father of two daughters. However they both died young. In 1878, his first daughter Jarmila died at the age of three months. His long-time friend Jan Neruda, who was to become her godfather, came to Písek for her christening. However, she died before the baptism, and this tragic event inspired Neruda to write Children Ballads. Heyduk's second daughter, Liduška, died at the age of four in 1884.
Heyduk had a very strong relationship with Slovakia, which he often visited and had many friends there. He also travelled to Italy and the Caucasus, where his nephew, agronomist Jaroslav Hejduk lived.
Adolf Heyduk was the only important poet of Neruda's generation who lived to see an independent Czechoslovak state. In 1920, on the occasion of his 85th birthday, he was personally visited by the president of Czechoslovakia Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk at his apartment in Písek. Heyduk died on 6 February 1923 in Písek and is buried at Vyšehrad Cemetery in Prague.
Selected works
English Wikisource has original works by or about:
↑Ad Parnassum: A Journal of Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-century Instrumental Music (in German). Ut Orpheus Edizioni. 2004. p.18. Retrieved 29 June 2025. Adolf Heyduk (6. 6. 1835 Rychmburk - 6. 2. 1923 Písek), langjähriger Gymnasialprofessor in Prag und in Písek/Südböhmen, gewann schon seit den späteren 1850er Jahren Ruhm als Dichter von Cigánské melodie ...[Adolf Heyduk (6 June 1835 Rychmburk - 6 February 1923 Písek), long-term grammar school professor in Prague and in Písek/South Bohemia, gained fame as a poet of Cigánské melodie [Gypsy Melodies] since the late 1850s, which ...]
12Otavan: Měsíčník pro národní, kulturní a hospodářské zájmy král. města Písku a kraje Prácheňského (in Czech). Theodora Kopeckého. 1920. p.49. Retrieved 29 June 2025. ... 1877 se Heyduk oženil. Choť básníkova, Písečanka, rodem Emilie Reinerová, bývala jeho žačkou na písecké ... Adolf Heyduk po svém příchodu do Písku r. 1860.[... Heyduk married in 1877. The poet's wife, a woman from Písek, born Emilie Reinerová, used to be his student at the Písek ... Adolf Heyduk after his arrival in Písek in 1860.]
