Pertahanan Van (1915)
Bagian dari Kampanye Kaukasus dan Perang Dunia I
Pejuang Armenia memegang garis pertahanan melawan pasukan Ottoman di kota bertembok Van, Mei 1915
Tanggal 19 April – 17 Mei 1915 Lokasi Van, Kesultanan Utsmaniyah Hasil Kemenangan bangsa Armenia, kemunduran Ottoman
Pihak terlibat
Kesultanan Utsmaniyah	Fedayi Armenia
Tokoh dan pemimpin
Djevdet Bey Halil Bey Köprülü Kâzım Bey Rafael de Nogales	Aram Manukian
Kekuatan
5,000[1]	1,300[2]
Korban
tidak diketahui tetapi berat	tidak diketahui
55.000 warga sipil Armenia dibantai[3][4]

Pertahanan Van (bahasa Armenia: Վանի հերոսամարտcode: hy is deprecated , translit. Vani herosamart) adalah perlawanan bersenjata penduduk Armenia di Van melawan upaya Kekaisaran Ottoman untuk membantai penduduk Armenia Utsmaniyah di Vilayet Van dalam genosida Armenia tahun 1915.^[5][6] Beberapa pengamat kontemporer dan sejarawan kemudian menyimpulkan bahwa pemerintah Utsmaniyah dengan sengaja menghasut perlawanan bersenjata Armenia di kota^[7][8] dan kemudian menggunakan pemberontakan ini sebagai dalih utama untuk membenarkan dimulainya deportasi dan pembantaian penduduk Armenia di seluruh kekaisaran.^[9] Laporan saksi setuju bahwa sikap Armenia di Van adalah defensif dan tindakan perlawanan terhadap pembantaian.^[10][11] Tindakan membela diri sering dikutip dalam literatur penyangkalan genosida Armenia; itu telah menjadi "alfa dan omega dari permohonan 'kebutuhan militer'" untuk memaafkan genosida dan menggambarkan penganiayaan terhadap penduduk Armenia sebagai hal yang dibenarkan.^[12]

Referensi

Sumber

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• ——— (2006), A Shameful Act: The Armenian Genocide and the Question of Turkish Responsibility, New York: Metropolitan Books, ISBN 0-8050-7932-7.
• ——— (2007), A shameful act: the Armenian genocide and the question of Turkish responsibility (Edisi 1), New York, NY: Metropolitan Books/Holt, ISBN 978-0-80508665-2 - Profile at Google Books
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• Balakian, Peter (2004), The Burning Tigris: The Armenian Genocide and America's Response, New York: Harper Collins, ISBN 0-06-055870-9.
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• McCarthy, Justin (1983), Muslims and Minorities: The Population of Ottoman Anatolia and the End of the Empire, New York Univ Press
• ———; et al. (2006), The Armenian Rebellion at Van, Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, ISBN 978-0-87480-870-4.
• Charney, Israel (1994). The Widening Circle of Genocide. W. W. Norton & Co. ISBN 1-4128-3965-3.
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• Gust, Wolfgang; Gust, Sigrid (2005), The Armenian Genocide during the First World War.
• Herrera, Hayden (3 January 2005). Arshile Gorky: His Life and Work. Macmillan. ISBN 1-46681708-9.
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• ——— (1997b), The Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times, New York: St. Martin's Press.
• ———, ed. (2000). Armenian Van/Vaspurakan. Costa Mesa, CA: Mazda. ISBN 1-56859130-6.
• Kharmandarian, Peter (11 March 2015). "Lost in Time: Armenian Heritage & Genocide". Art on the banks. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2 April 2015.
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• Kloian, Richard Diran, ed. (1980), The Armenian Genocide.
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• "Fresno Armenians", by Wilson Wallace, Ph.D. 1965 M (Michael) Minassian
• Matossian, Nouritza (1998). Black angel: a life of Arshile Gorky. Chatto & Windus. hlm. 576. ISBN 978-0701153632.
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• Reynolds, Joseph Francis; Churchill, Allen Leon; Miller, Francis Trevelyan, ed. (1916), The Story of the Great War: History of the European War from Official Sources; Complete Historical Records of Events to Date, vol. 3, P.F. Collier & Son.
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• Schemi, Kara, Turcs ey Armeniens [Turks & Armenians], hlm. 61.
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• Stevens (January 1916), To H.M. Principle Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Batoum, FO 371/2768.
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• Yayınları, T.C. Genelkurmay Harp Tarihi Başkanlığı (1972), Türk İstiklâl Harbine Katılan Tümen ve Daha Üst Kademelerdeki Komutanların Biyografileri (dalam bahasa Turki), Ankara: Genkurmay Başkanlığı Basımevi, ISBN 975-551-067-2.