Kent Downs line
Looking west along the railway near Lenham
Overview
Status	Operational
Owner	Network Rail
Locale	Kent South East England
Termini	Otford Ashford international
Service
Type	Suburban rail, Heavy rail
System	National Rail
Operator(s)	Southeastern Thameslink
Rolling stock	Class 375 "Electrostar" Class 465 "Networker" Class 466 "Networker" Class 700 "Desiro City"
Technical
Line length	76 mi 17 ch (122.7 km)[1]
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification	750 V DC third rail

v t e Kent Downs line
Legend
Chatham Main Line to London Victoria Swanley Swanley Junction Chatham Main Line to Faversham A20 M25 18 mi 60 ch 30.18 km Eynsford Tunnel ( 828 yd 757 m ) Lullingstone (never opened) 19 mi 39 ch 31.36 km Lullingstone Airfield (never built) Eynsford Viaduct over River Darent Eynsford 20 mi 32 ch 32.83 km Shoreham 22 mi 52 ch 36.45 km Otford 24 mi 06 ch 38.74 km M26 24 mi 53 ch 39.69 km South Eastern Main Line to London Charing Cross Otford (1874–1880) Bat & Ball Sevenoaks South Eastern Main Line to Tonbridge Kemsing 26 mi 79 ch 43.43 km Borough Green & Wrotham 29 mi 52 ch 47.72 km Offham Siding West Malling 34 mi 61 ch 55.94 km East Malling 35 mi 64 ch 57.61 km Barming 37 mi 43 ch 60.41 km former Preston Hall Tunnels ( 33 yd 30 m & 54 yd 49 m ) Medway Valley Line River Medway Maidstone East 39 mi 76 ch 64.29 km Week Street Tunnel ( 98 yd 90 m ) Wheeler Street Tunnel ( 358 yd 327 m ) Bearsted 42 mi 59 ch 68.78 km M20 High Speed 1 Hollingbourne 45 mi 02 ch 72.46 km Harrietsham 47 mi 36 ch 76.36 km Lenham 49 mi 11 ch 79.08 km Charing 53 mi 11 ch 85.52 km M20 Hothfield Halt 55 mi 61 ch 89.74 km Ashford West High Speed 1 South Eastern Main Line Ashford International 59 mi 19 ch 95.33 km Marshlink line Ashford to Ramsgate line Ashford Steam Centre High Speed 1 South Eastern Main Line
Mileage from London Victoria

The Kent Downs line is a railway line between Otford and Ashford International in Kent, England. It adopted its current name in 2020, by the Kent Rail Partnership.^[2]

It covers a large part of what was known as the Maidstone line which extended further from Otford to Swanley.^[3][4] This line diverged from the Chatham Main Line at Swanley Junction, and proceeds down the Darent Valley line^[5] to Otford junction,^[6] where the Darent Valley line, also known as the Bat & Ball line,^[6] divides towards Sevenoaks. Whereas the line now known as Kent Downs, continues via Borough Green & Wrotham and Maidstone East to Ashford, where it joins the South Eastern Main Line.^[7]

History

Maidstone and Ashford Railway Act 1880
Act of Parliament
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Long title	An Act for making Railways between Maidstone and Ashford in the county of Kent; and for other purposes.
Citation	43 & 44 Vict. c. clix
Dates
Royal assent	12 August 1880
Text of statute as originally enacted

The line was authorised by the Maidstone and Ashford Railway Act 1880 (43 & 44 Vict. c. clix) and built by the London, Chatham and Dover Railway from their first line (the Chatham Main Line). The final section to Ashford opened on 1 July 1884 and terminated at Ashford West. There was initially no direct connection to the rival South Eastern Railway's existing station.^[8]

Upon the creation of the South Eastern and Chatham Railway in 1899, Ashford West was closed and services diverted to the former South Eastern Railway station. The line was electrified in 1939 (750 V DC third rail) to Maidstone East by the Southern Railway prior to World War Two. Electrification between Maidstone East and Ashford was completed in 1961 under the BR 1955 Modernisation Plan.

In 2020 the line from Ashford International to Otford was adopted by the Kent Rail Partnership and this section was renamed the Kent Downs line.^[2]

Infrastructure

Traction current is supplied at 750 volts DC via the Third Rail. The supply for this is overseen by Paddock Wood Electrical Control Room.^[6] Signalling is Track Circuit Block with multiple aspect colour light signals throughout, controlled by Maidstone East Signal Box.^[6] The line is double track throughout.

Services

Services on the line are run by Southeastern. Services run to London Victoria, London Charing Cross and Ashford, with some peak services to London Blackfriars.

In the off-peak, there are one train per hour from Ashford International to London Victoria via Bromley South and Swanley stopping at all stations between Ashford and Otford and one train per hour from Maidstone East to London Charing Cross running semi-fast via Swanley and London Bridge. These services are operated by Class 375 and Class 377 EMUs.

Thameslink utilises the route between Swanley and Otford on their London Blackfriars to Sevenoaks metro services via the Catford Loop and Elephant and Castle with two trains per hour running. Additional services through London will be introduced as part of the Thameslink Programme between Cambridge and Maidstone East. As of June 2024, these services have not yet been introduced with no news about their future.^[9]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Maidstone East Line.

• Mitchell, Vic; Smith, Keith (1994). Swanley to Ashford. Midhurst: Middleton Press. ISBN 1 873793 45 6.
• Yonge, John (October 1994). Gerald Jacobs (ed.). Railway Track Diagrams – Volume 5 England, South and London Underground (1st ed.). Exeter: Quail Map Co. ISBN 1-8983-1907-3.

51°16′40″N 0°31′22″E / 51.2778°N 0.5228°E / 51.2778; 0.5228