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List of basic Israel topics

Outline of Israel

Country in the Middle East

The Flag of Israel

The Emblem of Israel

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Israel:

Israel – country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea. The State of Israel (Medinat Yisrael) came into existence as the homeland for the Jewish people at the termination of Mandatory British Palestine on 14 May 1948, through the Israeli Declaration of Independence.^[1] This was followed by massive migration of Jews from both Europe and the Muslim countries to Israel, and of Arabs from Israel, contributing to the extensive and still ongoing Arab–Israeli conflict. Israel's financial capital and technology center is Tel Aviv^[2] and the proclaimed capital is Jerusalem, although the state's sovereignty over the city of Jerusalem is internationally unrecognized.^[3]^[4] About 43% of the world's Jews live in Israel today, the largest Jewish community in the world.^[5]

General reference

Pronunciation: /ˈɪzreɪəl, -ri-/
Common English country name: Israel
Official English country name: The State of Israel
Common endonym(s): Hebrew: יִשְׂרָאֵל (formal ˌjisräˈʔel; colloquial ˌʔisräˈel); Arabic: إسْرائيلُ (ˌʔɪsraːˈʔiːl)
Official endonym(s): Hebrew: מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל (formal mədiˌnät jisräˈʔel; colloquial mediˌnät‿isräˈel); Arabic: دَوْلَةُ إسْرائيلَ (ˌdɑwlæt(ʊ) ʔɪsraːˈʔiːl)
Adjectival(s): Israeli
Etymology: Name of Israel
International rankings of Israel
- 151st largest country
- 94th most populous country
ISO country codes: IL, ISR, 376
ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:IL
Internet country code top-level domain: .il

Geography of Israel

Geography of Israel

Israel is: a country
Location:
- Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
- Eurasia
  - Asia
    - Southwest Asia
- Middle East
  - The Levant
- Borders of Israel
- Extreme points of Israel
  - High: Har Meron 1,208 m (3,963 ft)
  - Low: Dead Sea −412 m (−1,352 ft) – lowest point on the surface of the Earth
- Time zone: Israel Standard Time (UTC+02), Israel Summer Time (UTC+03)
Population of Israel: (April 2025) Total: 10,061,700 people^[6] - 94th most populous country
Area of Israel: 22,072 km² (8,522 sq mi) (Including the Golan Heights and East Jerusalem) - 151st largest country
Atlas of Israel

Environment of Israel

Climate of Israel
Ecology of Israel
- Ecoregions in Israel
- Renewable energy in Israel
Geology of Israel
Green building in Israel
National parks of Israel
Protected areas of Israel
Wildlife of Israel
- Flora of Israel
- Fauna of Israel
  - Birds of Israel
  - Mammals of Israel
Zalul Environmental Association

Natural geographic features of Israel

Lakes of Israel
Rivers of Israel
World Heritage Sites in Israel

Regions of Israel

Ecoregions of Israel

Administrative divisions of Israel

Districts of Israel (6)
- Subdistricts of Israel (15)
  - Natural regions of Israel (50)
    - Municipalities of Israel

Districts of Israel

Subdistricts of Israel

Natural regions of Israel

Municipalities of Israel

Cities of Israel
- Capital of Israel: Jerusalem and largest city in area and population.
- Tel Aviv - Israel's commercial center.
- Haifa - largest city of northern Israel and a major seaport.
- Beersheba - largest city of southern Israel.
- Eilat - Israel's southernmost city and only port on the Red Sea.
Local councils
Regional councils

Demography of Israel

Demographics of Israel

Government and politics of Israel

Politics of Israel

Form of government: parliamentary representative democratic republic
Capital of Israel: Jerusalem
Elections in Israel
- - 1949
  - 1951
  - 1955
  - 1959
  - 1961
  - 1965
  - 1969
  - 1973
  - 1977
  - 1981
  - 1984
  - 1988
  - 1992
  - 1996
  - 1999
  - 2003
  - 2006
  - 2009
  - 2013
  - 2015
  - 2019 (Apr)
  - 2019 (Sept)
  - 2020
  - 2021
  - 2022
Political parties in Israel
Political scandals of Israel
Taxation in Israel

Branches of the government of Israel

Executive branch of the government of Israel

Head of state: President of Israel, Isaac Herzog
Head of government: Prime Minister of Israel, Benjamin Netanyahu
Governments of Israel
- - Provisional
  - 1
  - 2
  - 3
  - 4
  - 5
  - 6
  - 7
  - 8
  - 9
  - 10
  - 11
  - 12
  - 13
  - 14
  - 15
  - 16
  - 17
  - 18
  - 19
  - 20
  - 21
  - 22
  - 23
  - 24
  - 25
  - 26
  - 27
  - 28
  - 29
  - 30
  - 31
  - 32
  - 33
  - 34
  - 35
  - 36
  - 37

Legislative branch of the government of Israel

Knesset (unicameral parliament): Lists of Knesset members

Judicial branch of the government of Israel

Israeli judicial system

The Supreme Court of Israel serves as an appellate court, High Court of Justice and constitutional court
District Courts serve as appellate courts and also serve as courts of first instance for some cases
Magistrate Courts serve as the court of first instance; some magistrate courts deal with specific affairs
Separate systems, which include religious courts, military courts, labor courts

Foreign relations of Israel

Arab–Israeli conflict
Diplomatic missions in Israel
Diplomatic missions of Israel
Israel–United States relations

International organization membership

International organization membership of Israel Israel is a member of:^[7]

Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone (BSEC) (observer)
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) (observer)
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
International Criminal Court (ICCt) (signatory)
International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)
International Development Association (IDA)
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
International Finance Corporation (IFC)
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
International Labour Organization (ILO)
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO)
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
International Olympic Committee (IOC)
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)

International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO)
International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)
Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) (partner)
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) (signatory)
Organization of American States (OAS) (observer)
Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)
Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI) (observer)
United Nations (UN)
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
Universal Postal Union (UPU)
World Customs Organization (WCO)
World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
World Health Organization (WHO)
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
World Trade Organization (WTO)
World Veterans Federation

Law and order in Israel

Law of Israel

Capital punishment in Israel
Censorship in Israel
Constitution of Israel
Crime in Israel
Human rights in Israel
- LGBT rights in Israel
- Freedom of religion in Israel
Law enforcement in Israel

Military of Israel

Israel Defense Forces

Command
- Commander-in-chief: Eyal Zamir
- Defence minister: Israel Katz
  - Ministry of Defense of Israel
Forces
Israeli war crimes
Wars involving Israel
Military operations conducted by the Israel Defense Forces
Military history of Israel
Military ranks of Israel

Local government in Israel

History of Israel

Further information: Jewish history and Index of Jewish history-related articles

History of Israel

History of Israel by period

Prehistory of Israel

Prehistory of the Levant

Ancient history of Israel

History of ancient Israel and Judah

Canaan
Israelites
Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy) (hypothetical)
Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)
Kingdom of Judah
Babylonian rule
Second Temple period
- Persian rule
- Coele-Syria (Hellenistic period)
- Hasmonean dynasty
- Herodian dynasty
Roman period
- Roman Judea
  - Jewish–Roman wars
    - First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 CE)
      - Siege of Jerusalem (AD 70)
        Destruction of the Second Temple
    - Bar Kokhba revolt (132–136 CE)
- Syria Palaestina

The Jewish "Middle Ages" in Palestine

1st Millennium

Ancient synagogues in Israel
Ancient synagogues in Palestine
development of most of early Rabbinic literature, from the era of Chazal
- Mishnah, Tosefta, and Minor tractates
- Halakhic Midrash, and most of the Aggadic Midrashim
Palestinian Talmud
4th century - Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus
7th century - Jewish revolt against Heraclius
Piyyut
- Jose ben Jose, Yannai (Payetan)
6th - 10th centuries- the Palestinian Masoretes
- Niqqud, Hebrew cantillation (trope).

2nd millennium

Pre-Modern Aliyah
Chronology of Aliyah in modern times
Old Yishuv

Mandatory Palestine

Mandate for Palestine
United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine
History of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict

History of modern Israel

Timeline of Israeli history

History of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Israeli Declaration of Independence
1948 Arab–Israeli War
Austerity in Israel
Reparations Agreement between Israel and West Germany (1952)
Six-Day War (1967)
Yom Kippur War (1973)
Israeli disengagement from Gaza (2005)
Gaza war (2023–)

Years in Israel

1940s: 1948; 1949

1950s: 1950; 1951; 1952; 1953; 1954; 1955; 1956; 1957; 1958; 1959

1960s: 1960; 1961; 1962; 1963; 1964; 1965; 1966; 1967; 1968; 1969

1970s: 1970; 1971; 1972; 1973; 1974; 1975; 1976; 1977; 1978; 1979

1980s: 1980; 1981; 1982; 1983; 1984; 1985; 1986; 1987; 1988; 1989

1990s: 1990; 1991; 1992; 1993; 1994; 1995; 1996; 1997; 1998; 1999

2000s: 2000; 2001; 2002; 2003; 2004; 2005; 2006; 2007; 2008; 2009

2010s: 2010; 2011; 2012; 2013; 2014; 2015; 2016; 2017; 2018; 2019

2020s: 2020; 2021; 2022; 2023; 2024

History of Israel by region

History of Jerusalem (timeline)
History of Tel Aviv (timeline)

History of Israel by subject

Economic history of Israel
- Start-up Nation
Jewish history
- History of the Jews and Judaism in the Land of Israel
- Jewish refugees
Military history of Israel
- History of the Israel Defense Forces
- Arab–Israeli conflict
  - History of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Postage stamps and postal history of Israel

Culture of Israel

Architecture of Israel
Cuisine of Israel
Ethnic minorities in Israel
Festivals in Israel
Humor in Israel
Languages of Israel
Media of Israel
National symbols of Israel
People of Israel
Prostitution in Israel
Public holidays in Israel
Records of Israel
Religion in Israel
World Heritage Sites in Israel
List of synagogues in Israel

Art in Israel

Art in Israel
Cinema of Israel
Literature of Israel
Music of Israel
Television in Israel
Theatre in Israel

Sports in Israel

Football in Israel

Economy and infrastructure of Israel

Economy of Israel

Economic rank, by nominal GDP
Agriculture in Israel
Banking in Israel
- National Bank of Israel
Communications in Israel
- Internet in Israel
Companies of Israel
Currency of Israel: New Sheqel
- ISO 4217: ILS
Economic history of Israel
- Start-up Nation
Energy in Israel
- Energy policy of Israel
- Oil industry in Israel
Health care in Israel
Mining in Israel
Science and technology in Israel
Tourism in Israel
Transport in Israel
Israel Stock Exchange
Transportation in Israel
Water supply and sanitation in Israel

Education in Israel

References

↑ "Declaration of Establishment of State of Israel". Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 14 May 1948. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
↑ "GaWC – The World According to GaWC 2008". Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Archived from the original on 11 August 2016. Retrieved 1 March 2009.
↑ United Nations News Centre (28 October 2009). "Jerusalem must be capital of both Israel and Palestine, Ban says". UN News Centre. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
↑ "Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel". Knesset.gov.il. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
↑ DellaPergola, Sergio (2015). World Jewish Population, 2015 (Report). Berman Jewish DataBank. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
↑ "Time Series DataBank". www.cbs.gov.il. Archived from the original on 2025-05-15. Retrieved 2025-06-15.
↑ "Israel". The World Factbook. United States Central Intelligence Agency. July 14, 2009. Archived from the original on January 18, 2026. Retrieved July 23, 2009.

External links

Wikimedia Atlas of Israel

Government

(Hebrew) Israel Government Portal (with links to English, Arabic versions)
(Hebrew) Prime Minister's Office, official site (with links to English, Arabic versions)
(Hebrew) President of the State of Israel, official site (with links to English, Arabic versions)
The Knesset, official site of Israel's parliament
(Hebrew) The Supreme Court, official site (with links to English, Arabic versions)
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, official site
(Hebrew) Central Bureau of Statistics, official site (with links to English, Arabic versions)
Ministry of Tourism, official site
Ministry of Industry Trade & Labor Official Site
Ministry of Religion
Ministry of construction and Housing

General reference

Israel. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
Encyclopædia Britannica entry on Israel
BBC country profile of Israel
Library of Congress Country Studies entry on Israel
Columbia University library related to Israel
hWeb - Israel-Palestine in Maps

Media

The Jerusalem Post
Ynet News, based on Tel Aviv
Israel Broadcasting Authority, state broadcasting network (in Hebrew) (with link to English version)
Israel National News
Kol Israel Voice of Israel
HaAretz

Other

Israel travel guide from Wikivoyage
31°37′31″N 35°08′43″E / 31.625321°N 35.145264°E / 31.625321; 35.145264 Israel at WikiMapia, Geo Links for Topical outline of Israel
Wikimedia Atlas of Israel

Israel at Wikipedia's sister projects:

Media from Commons
Quotations from Wikiquote
Textbooks from Wikibooks
Travel guides from Wikivoyage
Hebrew edition of Wikipedia
Arabic edition of Wikipedia

v t e Wikipedia outlines
General reference Culture and the arts Geography and places Health and fitness History and events Mathematics and logic Natural and physical sciences People and self Philosophy and thinking Religion and belief systems Society and social sciences Technology and applied sciences

Sumber data: id.wikipedia.org via REST API v1

General reference

Geography of Israel

Environment of Israel

Natural geographic features of Israel

Regions of Israel

Ecoregions of Israel

Administrative divisions of Israel

Districts of Israel

Subdistricts of Israel

Natural regions of Israel

Municipalities of Israel

Demography of Israel

Government and politics of Israel

Branches of the government of Israel

Executive branch of the government of Israel

Legislative branch of the government of Israel

Judicial branch of the government of Israel

Foreign relations of Israel

International organization membership

Law and order in Israel

Military of Israel

Local government in Israel

History of Israel

History of Israel by period

Prehistory of Israel

Ancient history of Israel

The Jewish "Middle Ages" in Palestine

Mandatory Palestine

History of modern Israel

Years in Israel

History of Israel by region

History of Israel by subject

Culture of Israel

Art in Israel

Sports in Israel

Economy and infrastructure of Israel

Education in Israel

See also

References

External links