Catatan kaki

Daftar pustaka

• Hudson, Mark J. (1999). Ruins of identity : ethnogenesis in the Japanese Islands. University of Hawai'i Press. ISBN 9780824864194.
• Nakamura, Kazuyuki (2010). "Kita kara no mōko shūrai wo meguru shōmondai" 「北からの蒙古襲来」をめぐる諸問題 [Several questions around "the Mongol attack from the north"]. Dalam Kikuchi, Toshihiko (ed.). Hokutō Ajia no rekishi to bunka 北東アジアの歴史と文化 [A history and cultures of Northeast Asia] (dalam bahasa Jepang). Hokkaido University Press. ISBN 9784832967342. ; ;
• Nakamura, Kazuyuki (2012). "Gen-Mindai no shiryō kara mieru Ainu to Ainu bunka" 元・明代の史料にみえるアイヌとアイヌ文化 [The Ainu and Ainu culture from historical records of the Yuan and Ming]. Dalam Katō, Hirofumi; Suzuki, Kenji (ed.). Atarashii Ainu shi no kōchiku : senshi hen, kodai hen, chūsei hen 新しいアイヌ史の構築 : 先史編・古代編・中世編 (dalam bahasa Jepang). Hokkaido University. hlm. 138–145. ; ;
• Stephan, John (1971). Sakhalin: a history. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 9780198215509.
• Tanaka, Sakurako (Sherry) (2000). "The Ainu of Tsugaru : the indigenous history and shamanism of northern Japan". The University of British Columbia (dalam bahasa Inggris). doi:10.14288/1.0076926.
• Trekhsviatskyi, Anatolii (2007). "At the far edge of the Chinese Oikoumene: Mutual relations of the indigenous population of Sakhalin with the Yuan and Ming dynasties". Journal of Asian History. 41 (2): 131–155. ISSN 0021-910X. JSTOR 41933457.
• Walker, Brett (2001). The conquest of Ainu lands : ecology and culture in Japanese expansion, 1590–1800. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 9780520248342.
• Zgusta, Richard (2015). The peoples of Northeast Asia through time : precolonial ethnic and cultural processes along the coast between Hokkaido and the Bering Strait. Leiden, The Netherlands. ISBN 9789004300439. OCLC 912504787. Pemeliharaan CS1: Lokasi tanpa penerbit (link)