Na Gaeilcode: ga is deprecated ·Na Gàidheilcode: gd is deprecated ·Ny Gaeilcode: gv is deprecated
Wilayah yang secara linguistik dan budaya berbangsa Gaelik pada sekitar tahun 1000 (hijau muda) dan sekitar 1700 (hijau menengah); wilayah yang didiami penutur bahasa Gaelik pada masa sekarang (hijau tua)
Pada abad ke-12, Anglo-Normanmenaklukan belahan Irlandia, sementara sebagian Skotlandia menjadi ter-Normanisasi. Namun, budaya Gaelik masih kuat di sepanjang belahan Irlandia, Dataran Tinggi Skotlandia dan Galloway. Pada awal abad ke-17, kerajaan-kerajaan Gaelik terakhir di Irlandia jatuh di bawah kekuasaan Inggris. James VI dan I berniat untuk menundukkan bangsa Gaelik dan menyingkirkan budaya mereka;[11] mula-mula di Dataran Tinggi Skotlandia melalui hukum represif seperti Statuta Iona, dan kemudian di Irlandia oleh mengkolonisasi wilayah Gaelik dengan pemukim Inggris dan Protestan penutur bahasa Skots. Pada abad-abad berikutnya, bahasa Gaelik ditindas dan banyak tergantikan oleh bahasa Inggris. Namun, bahasa tersebut masih menjadi bahasa utama di Gaeltacht, Inggris dan Hebrides Luar, Skotlandia. Keturunan modern Gaelik tersebar sepanjang belahan Kepulauan Britania, benua Amerika dan Australasia.
Catatan
↑Cikal bakal dan teori migrasi tentang suku bangsa Gaelik bergama, karena orang-orang Gelik nyaris menjadi korban kolonialiamse dan peran-peran kolonis.[7][8][9]
↑Neolithic and Bronze Age migration to Ireland and establishment of the insular Atlantic genomeDiarsipkan 8 March 2021 di Wayback Machine. "Three Bronze Age individuals from Rathlin Island (2026–1534 cal BC), including one high coverage (10.5×) genome, showed substantial Steppe genetic heritage indicating that the European population upheavals of the third millennium manifested all of the way from southern Siberia to the western ocean. This turnover invites the possibility of accompanying introduction of Indo-European, perhaps early Celtic, language. Irish Bronze Age haplotypic similarity is strongest within modern Irish, Scottish, and Welsh populations, and several important genetic variants that today show maximal or very high frequencies in Ireland appear at this horizon. These include those coding for lactase persistence, blue eye color, Y chromosome R1b haplotypes, and the hemochromatosis C282Y allele; to our knowledge, the first detection of a known Mendelian disease variant in prehistory. These findings together suggest the establishment of central attributes of the Irish genome 4,000 y ago."
↑Szasz, Margaret (2007). Scottish Highlanders and Native Americans. University of Oklahoma Press. hlm.48.
Bradshaw, Brendan (2015). ‘And so began the Irish Nation’: Nationality, National Consciousness and Nationalism in Pre-modern Ireland. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN1472442563.
Calloway, Colin G. (2010). White People, Indians, and Highlanders: Tribal People and Colonial Encounters in Scotland and America. Oxford University Press. ISBN9780199737826.
Rankin, David (2002). Celts and the Classical World. Routledge. ISBN1134747217.
Richards, Eric (1999). Patrick Sellar and the Highland Clearances: Homicide, Eviction and the Price of Progress. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN9781902930138.
Tanner, Marcus (2006). The Last of the Celts. Yale University Press. ISBN9780300115352.
Thornton, David E. (2003). Kings, Chronologies, and Genealogies: Studies in the Political History of Early Medieval Ireland and Wales. Occasional Publications UPR. ISBN1900934094.
