Weatheradio Canada English broadcast in Edmonton; station XLM572.
Weatheradio Canada (French: Radiométéo Canada) was a Canadian weather radio network owned and operated by Environment and Climate Change Canada's Meteorological Service of Canada division. It was one of the two weather radio systems across North America along with NOAA Weather Radio in the United States. Weatheradio Canada was headquartered in Montreal, Quebec[citation needed] and transmitted in both official languages (English and French) from 230 sites across Canada. Weatheradio Canada, as well as Environment Canada's weather telephone service Hello Weather, utilized Nuance Communications text to speech voices. Starcaster[1] Text-To-Speech, owned by STR-SpeechTech Ltd, was used from 1994 to 2021.
In February of 2026, Environment Canada announced the decommissioning of the service effective on March 16th of that year. All transmitters were shut down during the early morning hours of March 31, 2026.
Weatheradio Canada French broadcast in Edmonton; station XLM572.
History
Example of two weather radio receivers
In 1976, Environment Canada's Weatheradio service was launched and expanded to 30 locations in roughly 10 years. In the early-1990s, increased government investment permitted major expansion of the network to its largest size of 230 sites.
In most locations, the service broadcasts on one of seven specially-allocated VHF radio frequencies, audible only on dedicated "weather band" receivers or any VHF radio capable of receiving 10kHz bandwidth FM signals centred on these assigned channels, which are located within the larger "public service band". The radio frequencies used by Weatheradio Canada were the same as those used by its American counterpart, NOAA Weather Radio (whose parent agency, the U.S. National Weather Service, is also a partner with the Meteorological Service of Canada) [citation needed] and receivers designed for use in one country are compatible for use in the other. From 2004 to its decommissioning, the service used Specific Area Message Encoding (SAME) alerting technology to disseminate severe weather alerts. In the late 2010s, Environment Canada indicated that it would, in the future, add other hazard and civil emergency information (such as natural disasters, technological accidents, Amber alerts and terrorist attacks) to Weatheradio broadcasts.[2] Such enhancements never came to fruition.
In some locations, primarily national parks, provincial parks and remote communities with little or no local media service, a transmitter operated by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation carried the service on a standard AM or FM broadcast frequency. As of August 2007, most of these AM and FM transmitters were unlicensed by the CRTC under a special license exemption granted to low-powernon-commercial broadcasters.[3]
In September 2020, Environment and Climate Change Canada began soliciting feedback on possible decommissioning of 48 of its 230 transmitters. ECCC stated that the transmitters were predominantly located in areas of overlapping coverage and where alternate methods of access (such as cell phones and the Internet) were available.[4]
On May 26, 2021, through Required Weekly Tests sent over the network, Environment Canada announced Weatheradio's transition into its new voice technology system. The previous Starcaster voices had been in use for over 27 years.[5] Among the new voices for the service was Nuance Tom, a newer version of the old NOAA Weather Radio voice used prior to 2016. This transition began on June 1st of that year, and while supposed to end on New Year's Eve of 2021,[6] some stations held out into summer 2022 before making the switch.[7]
On August 19, 2022, an announcement was sent on 8 transmitters in the network regarding the impending decommission of said transmitters within the next 6 months. The 8 transmitters announced for decommissioning were: Cooking Lake, AB; Saskatoon, SK; Orillia, ON; Brockville, ON; Fredericton, NB; Perth-Andover, NB; Aspen-Melrose, NS and Grand Falls, NL.[4] Of these, Saskatoon and Orillia were spared while the remainder were discontinued.
The Administrative Message (SAME) of the shutdown announcement. Broadcast on the Weatheradio Canada transmitter in Saskatoon; station XLF322.
On February 23, 2026, Environment and Climate Change Canada announced that, as part of the federal government's Comprehensive Expenditure Review[8], Weatheradio Canada and Hello Weather would be decommissioned nationwide effective three weeks later on March 16.[9] The agency cited rising maintenance costs as the main factor.[10]Continuous marine broadcasts, operated by the Canadian Coast Guard for maritime interests, remained in service. On March 16, 2026, Weatheradio Canada broadcast a repeated announcement informing listeners that the service had been discontinued.[10]
On March 24, 2026, a Network Notification Message was issued on all stations. A technical difficulties line accompanied it for 15 minutes, before returning to a shutdown loop.
During the early morning hours of March 31, 2026, most Weatheradio Canada transmitters were shut down. No advice was given as to what to do for those in rural or wilderness areas without cellular service or satellite devices.
Frequencies
An AM Weatheradio Canada station antenna
Weatheradio Canada signals were transmitted using FM (10 kHz bandwidth), with band spacing of 25 kHz. These transmissions covered areas in around a 60-kilometer (40-mile) radius; this depended on terrain, the quality of the receiver, and the antenna height above ground, among other factors. It was estimated that 90 per cent of Canadians lived within range of a Weatheradio transmitter.[4] The service used multiple frequencies:[11]
162.400MHz
162.425MHz
162.450MHz
162.475MHz
162.500MHz
162.525MHz
162.550MHz
At selected locations, low power broadcasts without the alert tone were transmitted on the regular FM or AM band. A Weatheradio receiver was not required to hear these broadcasts.[12]
Programming
Weather information was broadcast in both official languages (English, then French). Prior to June 2021, broadcasts in Quebec were in the opposite order. The language order became uniform after new systems were installed. Weather alert broadcasts were inserted within the normal playlist. Wind and wave marine forecasts are broadcast on a regular basis on transmitters located near marine zones. However, these and other forms of marine forecasts were more conveniently heard on the Canadian Coast Guard's continuous marine broadcasts, which (except for British Columbia) are not broadcast on weather-band frequencies. Weather broadcasts also included the UV index for the forecast day, and for the following day. The Air Quality Health Index forecast was broadcast at the end of the broadcast cycle for cities in the station's service area.
Alerting
Whenever a weather or civil emergency alert was issued for any part of a Weatheradio Canada station's coverage area, many radios with an alert feature sounded an alarm or turned on upon detection of a 1,050 Hz attention tone that sounds just before the voice portion of an alert message.[13] The specification called for the Weatheradio Canada transmitter to sound the alert tone for ten seconds and for the receiver to react to it within five seconds. This system simply triggered the alarm or turned on the radio of every muted receiver within reception range of that station (in other words, any receiver located anywhere within the transmitter's broadcast area). Generally, receivers with this functionality are either older or basic models.
Many newer or more sophisticated alerting receivers can detect, decode and react to a digital signal called Specific Area Message Encoding (SAME), which allows users to program their radios to receive alerts only for specific geographical areas of interest and concern, rather than for an entire broadcast area. These advanced models may also have colored LED status lights which indicate the level of the alert as an "advisory"/"statement", "watch" or "warning" (either amber or green for advisories and statements, orange or yellow for watches, red for warnings).
When an alert is transmitted, the SAME header/data signal is broadcast first (heard as three repeated audio "bursts"), followed by the 1,050 Hz attention tone (on select alerts), then the voice message, then the end-of-message (EOM) data signal (repeated quickly three times). This encoding/decoding technology has the advantage of avoiding "false alarms" triggered by the 1,050 Hz tone itself in locations outside the intended warning area.[14]
Test Procedure
All Weatheradio Canada transmitters automatically conducted either a Required Weekly Test (RWT), or both a RWT and a Required Monthly Test (RMT).[15] The test message was typically aired soon after 12:00 PM local time. Unlike RWTs, the RMT messages are accompanied by the 1,050 Hz attention tone after the initial SAME headers.
The test script is read by the female TTS voice as follows:
"Environment Canada has a message to broadcast: This is a required weekly test for [call sign]. I repeat, this is a required weekly test for [call sign]."
"Environnement Canada a un message à diffuser: Ceci est un test hebdomadaire obligatoire pour [call sign]. Je répète, ceci est un test hebdomadaire obligatoire pour [call sign]"
Former stations
Complete list of Weatheradio Canada's defunct transmitters. [16][17][18]
