Simbu competed for Tanzania at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the men's marathon. He finished 5th with a time of 2:11.15.[3] He was the flag bearer for Tanzania during the closing ceremony.[4]
Simbu won the 14th edition of the Mumbai Marathon on 15 January 2017.[5] The same year he won the bronze medal at the 2017 World Athletics Championships Marathon with a time of 2:09:51.
In 2025, Simbu became the first Tanzanian to win a gold medal in a world marathon championship after finishing first in the World Championships Marathon in Japan with a photo-finish win.[11]